earticle

영어

The purpose of this study is to find out the relationship among activeness of labor union, union-management cooperation and older worker’s employment rate. Activeness of labor union consists of union membership rate, union form, union history, influence of umbrella union, influence of regional labor support and ratio of participating in the union chairman election. We hypothesize the followings: Hypothesis 1: Activeness of labor union will increase older workers’ employment rate.; Hypothesis 1-1: Union membership rate will increase older workers’ employment rate.; Hypothesis 1-2: Union history will increase older workers’ employment rate.; Hypothesis 1-3: Union form will have effect on older workers’ employment rate.; Hypothesis 1-4: Influence of umbrella union will increase older workers’ employment rate.; Hypothesis 1-5: Influence of regional labor support will increase older workers’ employment rate.; 1-6: Ratio of participating in the union chairman election will increase older workers’ employment rate.; Hypothesis 2: Union-management cooperation will increase older workers’ employment rate. Using KLI(Korea Labor Institute)’s work place panel survey of 2009. In the basic statistics, manufacturing industry’s the highest rate is 37.1%, transportation industry’s rate is 19.4%, educational service industry’s rate is 6.9% and the average number of employees is approximately 657 employees. According to the result of factor analysis, the factors are divided into union-management cooperation, influence of umbrella union, influence of regional labor support. The measurement result of reliability in Cronbach’s alpha value shows that union-management cooperation is .889, influence of umbrella union is .894, influence of regional labor support is .916. In the correlation analysis, union membership rate, union history, influence of umbrella union, influence of regional labor support and ratio of participating in the union chairman election have a positive correlation on older worker’s employment rate. The results of regression analysis shows that in model 1, the effect of non-manufacturing industries is greater than manufacturing industries on older workers employment rate. The explanatory capability of model 2, incorporating the effect of labor union activeness was greater than model 1 with only control variables. This research supports hypothesis from 1-1 to 1-5 and does’t support hypothesis 1-6. In model 3, the effect of labor-management cooperation on older workers employment rate is not significant (beta=.06, n.s). Also the incremental explanation provided by model 3 over model 2 is not significant (incremental R2=.003, n.s.). This study empirically examines effects of activeness of labor union and union-management cooperation on older worker’s employment rate. This research comes to the conclusions to as follows: First, union membership rate, union form, union history, influence of umbrella union and influence of regional labor support have positive significant impact on older worker’s employment rate. Second, union-management cooperation has no significant impact on older worker’s employment rate. The finding suggests that this study confirms union’s voice mechanism about the older worker’s employment.

한국어

본 연구는 고령화 사회에서 고령자 고용 안정이 사회･경제시스템의 안정적 유지에 중요한 요인이라는 인식하에 노동조합의 활성화 정도와 노사협력이 고령자고용률에 미치는 영향을 살펴보았다. 이를 통해 본 연구는 향후 고령화 사회에서 고령자들의 고용유지를 위한 노동조합의 역할에 대한 시사점을 찾아보고자 하였다. 노동조합의 활성화 정도는 노동조합 가입률, 노조설립 경과연수, 노동조합의 조직형태, 노동조합에 대한 상급단체들의 영향력, 지역 내 노동조합 지원 단체들의 영향력, 최근 위원장 선거시 조합원들의 투표율로 구성하였다. 노사협력은 노사가 상호협력 정도로 보았다. 본 연구에서 사용된 자료는 한국노동연구원이 2009년도에 실시한 ‘사업체 패널조사’ 자료를 활용하였으며 유노조 기업 650개를 분석대상으로 하였다. 실증분석 결과 노동조합의 활성화 변수들 중 위원장 선거 투표율을 제외한 노동조합 가입률, 노조설립 경과연수, 상급단체 및 지역노조 지원 단체의 영향력, 노조형태 변수는 고령자고용률에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 반면에 노사협력은 고령자고용률에 미치는 영향력이 나타나지 않고 있었다. 본 연구결과를 통해 노동조합이 고령자고용에 있어서 의미있는 역할을 수행할 수 있다는 시사점을 제시하였다는 점에서 의의를 찾을 수 있다.