earticle

영어

This study aimed to develop a guidance plan for the STEAM class which applies the unplugged computing teaching and learning method by Professor Tim-bell by selecting the topics of comprehending social issues and exploring their solving methods and to examine its effectiveness. For this purpose, this study developed the guidance plan and organized activity sheets and activity materials according to learning objectives per session, conducting the STEAM class applying unplugged computing. The developed program was applied for the experimental class, while the traditional lecture was applied for the control class. Afterwards, in terms of the difference of creative problem-solving capabilities between the two groups, the pre-survey and post-survey were respectively conducted by using the test sheets developed by MI research team of the department of psychology in Seoul National University based on ‘A brief version of creative problem solving capability test development research(Ⅰ)’ by Korea Education Development Institute. The average values were quantitatively compared and the learning outcomes were compared. Also, the individual interviews were qualitatively analyzed. As a result, the creative problem solving capabilities of the experimental group that received the STEAM class program applying unplugged computing were found to be higher than the control group that received the traditional lecture. It was also revealed that there were statistically significant positive influences on the domains of self-confidence, independence, critical/logical thinking, and motivated thinking. Therefore, it was identified that the STEAM class applying unplugged computing contributed to the enhancement of creative problem-solving capabilities of the fourth graders in elementary school.

한국어

본 연구는 정보기기 사용에 익숙하지 않은 초등 4학년 학생들에게 언플러그드 컴퓨팅 활동을 활용한 STEAM 프로그램을 개발․적용하여 창의적 문제해결력의 신장 정도를 알아보고자 하는 목적으로 수행되었다. 이러한 목적을 달성하기 위해 교과 분석을 통한 새로운 주제 중심의 STEAM 프로그램을 개발하고 이를 수정하여 실험반에 투입하여 창의적 문제해결력의 변화 정도를 분석하였다. 이 연구를 통해 얻은 결론은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 언플러그드 컴퓨팅 활동을 활용한 STEAM 프로그램은 초등학생의 창의적 문제해결력을 향상 시키는데 도움이 되었다.. 둘째, 창의적 문제해결력의 하위 요소인 자기 확신 및 독립성, 비판적․논리적 사고, 동기적 사고는 비교집단에 비해 실험집단의 평균이 유의미하게 높게 나왔으나 확산적 사고 영역에서는 유의미한 결과가 나오지 않았다. 이는 추후 창의적 문제해결력 향상을 위한 프로그램 개발시 참고해야 할 점으로 보인다. 본 연구에서 개발한 언플러그드 컴퓨팅 활동을 활용한 STEAM 프로그램이 창의적 문제해결력을 향상시키는데 영향을 미쳤으므로 앞으로 지속적인 연구를 통하여 학교 교육 및 방과후 교육에 활용되기를 기대한다.