earticle

영어

The purpose of this research is to provide a desirable case of STEAM education utilizing Scratch program for elementary school students. The elementary school students learned with the integrated approach through Scratch programming based on STEAM integrated education, and through production process they had the opportunity for application and expression in diverse forms. The results of this research are as follows. First, as the procedural model to develop the elementary school STEAM program utilizing the Scratch program, the five stages: preparation, development, verification, practice, and improvement, were presented. The preparation stage was composed of requirement analysis, the selection of learning objective, and curriculum analysis, and as the development stage, both the development of learning materials and the development of teaching materials were presented. In the verification stage, the verification of validity by experts was conducted, and in the practice stage, the developed program was applied to the students in the educational field, and in the improvement stage, based on the evaluations received from learners and teachers, it was revised and supplemented. Second, the STEAM program was developed into the program summary map, the textbook for students, teachers’ manual and multimedia teaching materials, etc., and after the validity was secured through experts’ verification, it was revised and supplemented and applied to actual classes. Third, the results of the learners’ evaluation of the developed STEAM program showed that the degree of satisfaction with the program was high with the average score of the entire questions being 4.03 on a five-point scale. As the teachers also evaluated the developed STEAM program as very effective, the opinions of learners and teachers were collected and the program was finally improved and completed.

한국어

이 연구의 목적은 초등학생을 대상으로 스크래치 프로그램을 활용한 STEAM 교육의 바람직한 사례를 제공하는 것이다. STEAM 통합 교육에 터한 스크래치 프로그래밍 활동을 통해 초등학생들은 통합적 접근으로 학습하였고, 제작 과정을 통해 다양한 형태로 적용하고 표현하는 기회를 갖게 되었다. 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 스크래치 프로그램을 활용한 초등학교 STEAM 프로그램 개발을 위한 절차 모형은 준비, 개발, 검증, 실행, 개선의 5단계로 제시되었다. 준비단계는 요구분석, 학습목표선정, 교육과정 분석으로 구성되었으며, 개발단계는 학습자료 개발, 교수자료 개발로 구성되었다. 검증단계에서는 전문가에 의한 타당도 검증을 실시하였고, 실행단계에서는 개발된 프로그램을 학생을 대상으로 현장 적용하였고, 개선단계에서는 학습자와 수업자의 평가를 받아 수정 및 보완하였다. 둘째, STEAM 프로그램은 STEAM 프로그램 요약도, 학생용 교재, 교사용 설명서, 멀티미디어 수업자료 등을 개발하였고, 전문가 검증을 통해 타당성을 확보한 후 수정, 보완하여 STEAM 프로그램을 실제 수업에 적용하였다. 셋째, 개발된 STEAM 프로그램의 학습자 평가 결과, 전체적인 만족도가 5점 만점 중 평균 4.03점으로 높게 나타났다. 수업자 평가 결과도 개발된 STEAM 프로그램을 매우 효과적으로 평가하였기에 학습자와 수업자의 의견을 수렴하여 최종적으로 프로그램을 개선하여 완성하였다.