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Trends of Human Resource Development for the Future Society According to Changing Occupational Structure: Focusing on South Korea and Japan Sung, Eun-Mo The purpose of this study was to explore trends of human resource’s structure to predict future society by means of comparing South Korea with Japan on occupational structure’s change. To achieve this goal, it was analyzed International Standards Classification of Occupation on South Korea and Japan that was provided ILO(International Labour Organization from 1958 to 2008. As a result, occupation quantity of South Korea was improved 2.4 times in 2008 since 1970, and Japan’s occupation quantity was improved 0.13 times during the same period. Total increasing rate of occupation quantity in South Korea was almost 2 times faster than Japan’s rate. According to the result of each occupational structure’s change, quantity of skilled agricultural and fishery workers in South Korea and Japan was highest decreasing, while quantity of professional was highest increasing in both countries. From based on these result, 4 major trends of human resource development for the future society were suggested as follow; ① Developing a high ranking human resource following knowledge based society, ② Enhancing national competitiveness through women resource development, ③ Developing green human resource for part of skilled agricultural and fishery, ④ Optimal using of human resource and gaining and maintaining of brain. Four specific recommendations for HRD policy in South Korea were proposed.