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Objectives: The purpose of this study was to construct and test a hypothetical model of nursing work performance based on social exchange theory and workpalce learning theories. Methods: Data were collected any analyzed from 201 nurses working at seven hospitals in Kyeong-Nam Province from June 22 to July 16. Results: The goodness-of-fit of the final model was good(χ²/df=2.68, SRMR=.06, GFI=.88, AGIF=.82, IFI=.93, RMSEA=.09) and seven out of nine model paths were supported. Nursing work performance was both directly and indirectly affected by TMX and indirectly affected by LMX and planned learning. In particular, it was directly affected by unplanned learning. These variables accounted for 46% of nursing work performance. Conclusions: Nurses work performance can be improved by improving unplanned learning and TMX. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the quality of TMX and implement various educational programs.