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This study investigates the predictive power of vocabulary breadth(receptive and productive) and depth(synonym and allocation) knowledge for AB and BA consecutive interpreting performance of undergraduate and graduate students in Korean-English Translation and Interpretation programs. Three vocabulary knowledge measuring instruments were administered to 39 students: Nation's Vocabulary Size Test Version A, Laufer & Nation (1999)'s vocabulary size test for controlled productivity version A, 10,000 level, and Read's Word Associates Test. Scores of these tests along with the students' AB and BA consecutive interpreting scores were collected and simple linear and multiple regression analyses were performed. The analyses showed that students’ B language vocabulary knowledge scores combined accounted for 43% of their BA consecutive interpreting scores and 79% of their AB consecutive interpreting scores. When analyzed independently, the receptive vocabulary size was found to have the largest predictive power for both BA and AB consecutive interpreting. A closer look at the results shows that the predictive power of vocabulary knowledge is influenced by the directionality of interpreting. Vocabulary knowledge of the target language as opposed to the source language of interpreting (i.e. vocabulary knowledge of English for Korean-English interpreting) was found to be a much stronger predictor of the consecutive interpreting performance than vice versa. The implications of the findings on interpreting education is discussed.