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This study investigated whether role plays in English have a positive effect on the motivation, anxiety, and English-speaking ability of Korean university students. The experiment was conducted among 34 university students in Jeonju, who were enrolled in an English conversation class. The participants received 14 weeks of role play treatment. Before and after the treatment, a survey on students’ anxiety and motivation was administered and the students’ English-speaking proficiency was tested. The data were analyzed using a paired t-test. The results showed that role plays in English had a positive effect on decreasing students’ in-class anxiety and improving their speaking ability. Therefore, role plays in English can be effective not only for improving English-speaking proficiency but also for lowering tensions in university English conversation classrooms.