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오키나와평화기념공원 형성의 다른 경로 : ‘초석론(礎論)’의 영향과 미군정기의 경험

원문정보

Other Paths to the Formation of the Okinawa Peace Memorial Park : With a Focus on the Influence of the Discourse of Ishizue (礎論) and the Experience of the American Military Administration

김민환

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초록

영어

The Cornerstone of Peace(平和の礎; Japanese: Heiwa-no Ishiji) in the Okinawa Peace Memorial Park is famous for its inscription, under the principle of “equality before death,” of the names of all victims who died in relation to the Battle of Okinawa. This has been praised for overcoming the limitations of nationalism and militarism, which have been adopted by most existing memorial parks for the war dead. However, the transparent logic of “equality before death” has been polluted by the praxis of forces who have (intentionally) mistaken the Cornerstone of Peace as an Okinawan version of the Foundation of Peace(平和の礎; Japanese: Heiwa-no Ishizue). The Foundation of Peace is a structure that reflects the logic that Japan’s past hardships such as World War II served as the basis of the nation’s “peace” and “prosperity” in the 1960’s, and this has been linked to the eulogization of the country’s past militarism. In addition, its way of inscribing the names of all of the dead regardless of their respective nationalities is very similar to the tactical attitude of the conservative force of Okinawa, who, though they wished to memorialize only the Japanese soldiers killed but could not but include American soldiers sacrificed in the war in consideration of the US military, which was the actual ruling force. Consequently, the Cornerstone of Peace has become an entity onto which are projected not only the intentions of the critical civil society within Okinawa but also the desire of the conservative force in the area or Japan itself. As such, the monument cannot be supported wholeheartedly by South Korean civil society.

일본어

沖縄平和記念公園の「平和のいしじ」は、「死の前の平等」という原則の下に沖縄戦闘に連結しており、死亡した全ての被害者の名を刻んでいるということで有名である。これは現在まで世界中にある戦争に関する記念物の中でも、戦時下の中で命を落とした軍人たち、または戦争には直接参加はしなかったが、その戦争のために命を落とした者たちの大部分を記念公園において奉っているという点で、ナショナリズムとミリタリズムの限界を超えたという賞賛を受けた。しかし、「死の前の平等」というこの透明な論理は「平和のいしじ」を「平和の礎(いしずえ)」の沖縄バージョンとして(意図的に)誤解した勢力たちの実践のために穢れることになった。「平和の礎」は第2次世界大戦など、日本の過去の苦難が1960年代の日本の「平和」及び「繁栄」の基礎になったという論理を反映するモニュメントであるが、これは過去の日本軍国主義の称揚に繋がった。また、国籍と関係なく死亡した者全ての名を刻むというやり方は、死亡した日本「軍人」のみを慰霊したかったのだが、現実の統治勢力である米軍を考慮して仕方なく米軍の犠牲者も含めるしかなかった沖縄の保守勢力の戦略的な態度とも非常に似通っている。このために、「平和のいしじ」は沖縄内部の批判的な市民社会の意図のみならず、日本あるいは沖縄内部の保守的な勢力の欲望をも同時に投射された存在になってしまった。これを韓国の市民社会が全面的に支持するのは困難なことだった。

목차

1. 머리말
 2. ‘평화의 주춧돌’ 추진세력의 입장과 추진과정
 3. ‘평화의 주춧돌’과 ‘평화의 초석’ 사이의 거리
 4. 국적을 불문하고 희생자 전체를 위령하는 전통 :  미군정기의 경험
 5. 진정한 ‘평화의 주춧돌’을 위해서
 reference
 abstract
 영문 abstract

저자정보

  • 김민환 Min hwan, KIM. 중앙대학교 사회학과 강사

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