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Objectives : The aim of this study was to identify the effect of employment type on health-related quality of life. Methods : This study used data from the Sixth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Data were analyzed with the χ² test, t-test, ANOVA and multiple regression. Results : There were significant statistical differences the health-related quality of life according to employment type. The health-related quality of life of temporary workers was lower than that of regular workers. The significant predictors of the health-related quality of life of regular workers were the subjective health status, stress, age, and education. The significant predictors of the health-related quality of life of temporary workers were the subjective health status, education, stress, sleeping time, and gender. Conclusions :　These results suggest that employment type affects the health-related quality of life. The research on social policy is recommended to resolve health inequalities.