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This paper examines English vowels produced by EFL learners, focusing on the characteristics of their formant frequencies. Two data sets of F1 and F2 frequencies of selected ten vowels are compared, with one set based on recordings by eleven informants learning English as a foreign language at a Japanese university and the other set based on an online English dictionary supplied with sound files as pronunciation models in General American. To this end, the geometrical distance between each token and its point of reference. The results show that the method adopted for this study is effective in identifying the quality of each learner's vowel system and in detecting the problems with perception and production of vowels that the learner faces and needs to solve.