earticle

영어

This paper examines the relation between mission and revival from a perspective of phenomenology of religion. I deal with five major phenomenologists of religion including Gerardus van der Leeuw, Hendrik Kraemer, Ninian Smart, Andrew Walls, and Lamin Sanneh. First, G. van der Leeuw regards mission and revival as manifestations of dynamic of religion. Instead of explaining their relation, he emphasizes the similarity of mission and revival. Second, H. Kraemer holds that mission is the life of church and that revival is internal or external reason to do mission. His missionary experience seems to help him to recognize the particularity of Christianity and its mission. Third, Ninian Smart claims that mission is a process toward revival by exploring an example of David Livingstone, who had strong sympathetic attitude to Africans and their culture. Fourth, Andrew Walls argues that mission is a long-term result of revival and that revivals produce missionary mind, finance, and missionaries. He even identifies mission and revival with parts of translation. Fifth, L Sanneh compares Islam’s Dawah with Christian mission in terms of translatability. For him, Christian mission is a type of translation whereas Dawah is a type of diffusion, which oppresses the cultural revival in the process of mission. In conclusion, we find three characteristics of the relation between mission and culture. First, we can find the dynamic of Christianity as a religion through mission and revival. Second, mission is the life of Christianity and it has an organic relation to culture. Third, Christian mission is the phenomenon of translation which promote Gospel and culture.

한국어

본 논문은 선교와 부흥의 관계성을 종교 현상학적 관점에서 분석하였다. 이를 위하여 게라르두스 반 델 레우, 핸드릭 크래머, 니니안 스마트, 앤드류 월스, 라민 싸네 등의 네덜란드와 영미를 중심으로 활동해 온 20세기를 대표하는 종교 현상학자들의 연구를 검토하였다.