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Park, Sang-man. “Mikhail Bakhtin and English-American Literary Criticism.” Studies on English Language and Literature. 33.3(2007): 35-54. This paper aims to sum up Bakhtin’s ideas about the chronotope, heteroglossia, polyglossia, dilogism, and carnival, and to analyze their influences upon English-American literary criticism. Bakhtin’s focus on history involves his notion of the chronotope. It is the place where the knots of narrative are tied and untied. Katerina Clark draws on Bakhtin to illuminate the socialist realism. Heteroglossia makes up the underlying condition of any utterance. It situates a given utterance in a specific social, historical, and ideological context. Polyglossia is the plurality of languages, discourses, and voices interacting within the framework of the text. Numerous critics applied Bakhtin’s theories of the dialogic nature of language and especially of dialogism in the novel to wide variety of literature. The best Bakhtin-inspired studies of the novel are Holquist’s reading of Dostoevsky and Morson’s of Tolstoy. Booker, Juraga, and Ann Herrmann belong to this category. Bakhtin’s carnival is a time of festive and exuberant celebration when normal social boundaries collapse and groups from different social classes and backgrounds meet and mingle freely in a mood of irreverence. Numberous critics who have drawn on Bakhtin’s carnival include Jon Cook,
Michael Bristol, Sallybrass, White, Patricia Yaeger, Robert Stam, Zack Bowen and Robert Bell.
(Wonkwang University)