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Purpose: This study aimed to compare the rectus abdominis (RA) muscle thickness between normal and obese body mass index (BMI) groups and to examine the association between BMI and RA thickness in healthy adults in their 20s. Methods: Thirty healthy adults aged 20–29 years participated in this cross-sectional study. Participants were classified into a normal-BMI group (18.5–22.9 kg/m², n=15) or an obese-BMI group (≥25.0 kg/m², n=15) according to the Asia–Pacific BMI criteria. Individuals classified as overweight (23.0–24.9 kg/m²) were excluded to ensure clear group separation. The RA thickness was measured using B-mode ultrasonography with a linear transducer positioned 2 cm above the umbilicus in the supine position. Three measurements were obtained at the same site, and the mean values were analyzed. Group differences were assessed using an independent t-test, and Pearson’s correlation analysis was performed to examine the relationship between BMI and RA thickness. An analysis of covariance was conducted to control for the potential effects of sex and height. Results: The RA thickness was significantly greater in the obese-BMI group than in the normal-BMI group (p<.001). A strong positive correlation was observed between BMI and RA thickness in all participants (r=.71, p<.001). After adjusting for sex and height, the difference in the RA thickness between the BMI groups remained statistically significant. Conclusions: A higher BMI was independently associated with increased RA thickness in healthy young adults. Ultrasonographic assessment of the RA thickness may serve as a clinically meaningful indicator of abdominal muscle characteristics related to body composition.