earticle

영어

Purpose : This paper analyzed the export competitiveness of the construction machinery industry in Korea, China, and Japan in the US market using the Trade Specialization Index (TSI), and the analysis period was 10 years from 2013 to 2022. The HS Code product classification was classified with reference to the trade statistics of the Korea Construction Equipment Industry Association and the Korea International Trade Association, and was based on the 6-digit HS Code. The analysis data was obtained from the UN Comtrade DATABASE. This paper examines the export and import trends of the construction machinery industry in Korea, China, Japan, and the US, and examines the export competitiveness of the construction machinery industry in Korea, China, and Japan in the US market. Research design, data, methodology : The product names classified based on the HS Code 6 digits of construction machinery were presented. The export competitiveness was analyzed using the Trade Specialization Index (TSI) for a total of 37 products. This paper analyzed the export competitiveness of the construction machinery industry in the US market of Korea, China, and Japan. Results : The results of the Trade Specialization Index (TSI) analysis are summarized as follows. First, Korea has 4-10 items in which it has a comparative advantage in competitiveness with a TSI of 1, which is not far behind China (1-10 items) and Japan (4-10 items). Next, China has 19-23 items in which it has a comparative advantage in competitiveness with a trade specialization index between 1 and 0, which is more than Korea (10-20 items) and Japan (17-24 items). Conclusions : Japan has 4-10 items with an absolute competitive advantage in the trade specialization index of 1, 17-24 items with a comparative competitive advantage in the trade specialization index between 1 and 0, 5-9 items with a comparative competitive disadvantage in the range of 0 to -1, and 1-3 items with an absolute competitive disadvantage in the trade specialization index of -1. This shows that the items with a comparative competitive advantage are more evenly distributed than the items with a comparative disadvantage compared to Korea and China, indicating that the construction equipment industry is advancing into the US market with a variety of items. However, as China's comparative advantage items are expanding, if the Korean and Japanese construction equipment industries fail to expand the number of items with a strong comparative advantage, there is a concern that the export competitiveness of the Korean and Japanese construction equipment industries in the US market may decline due to their competitiveness being pushed out by China.

한국어

본 논문은 한국, 중국, 일본의 대미국 시장에 대한 건설기계 산업의 수출경쟁력 분석을 위해서 무역특화지수(TSI)를 사용하였으며, 분석 대상 기간은 2013년부터 2022년까지 10년간을 대상 으로 하였다. HS Code 품목 분류는 한국건설기계산업협회와 한국무역협회 무역통계를 참고하 여 분류하였고, HS Code 6단위 기준으로 하였다. 분석 자료는 UN Comtrade DATABASE에서 구하였다. 본 논문에서는 한국, 중국, 일본, 미국의 건설기계 산업 수출입 동향을 살펴보고, 한 국, 중국, 일본의 대미국시장에 대한 건설기계 산업 수출경쟁력을 살펴보고자 한다. 무역특화지수(TSI) 분석 결과를 보면, 첫째, 한국은 TSI=1로 경쟁력이 비교우위에 있는 품목수 가 4-10개 품목으로 중국(1개-10개)과 일본(4개-10개 품목)에 비해 뒤지지 않는다. 다음으로 중 국은 무역특화지수가 1과 0사이의 값을 갖는 경쟁력 비교우위 품목수가 19-23개 품목으로 한 국(10개-20개 품목)과 일본(17개-24개 품목)에 비해 많다. 마지막으로 일본은 무역특화지수가 1로 경쟁력이 절대우위에 있는 품목수가 4-10개, 무역특화지수가 1과 0.사이의 값을 갖는 경쟁 력 비교우위 품목수가 17개-24개 품목, 그리고 0에서 -1사이의 경쟁력 비교열위 품목수가 5-9 개 품목이 있고, -1로 경쟁력 절대열위 품목도 1-3개 품목으로 한국과 중국에 비해 경쟁력 비교 우위에 있는 품목이 비교열위 품목보다 골고루 분포하고 있어 건설기계산업이 미국시장에 다 양한 품목이 진출해 있음을 알 수 있다.