earticle

영어

This study aims to develop possible job preparation programs for the better job hunting efficiency of the low-income unemployed even with alcoholic problem. In other words, this study was intended to ask the generalist social workers in community social welfare centers to cluster a group of the low-income unemployed with alcoholic problem, who live within permanent rental housing lot, according to an issue titled ‘job preparation' in order to relieve their negative psycho-emotional problems about unemployment and poverty(e.g. depression, anxiety, distrust, etc.) as critical disorder factors of their job hunting behavior and alcoholic problem as well. Furthermore, this study was also intended to facilitate generalist social workers to intervene in the low-income unemployed for their better job seeking motivation and skills so as to prevent them from being unemployed on a long term basis, so that it can develop so-called “model of job preparation program for the better job hunting efficiency" that may contribute to the more positive reactions of the low-income unemployed.The modified version of job preparation program model is characterized by the followings:First, initial model considered the alcoholic problem of the low-income unemployed to be an individual challenge that requires solution, while making clear that alcoholic problem of subjects was somewhat relieved along with their changing attitudes to job seeking skills and motivation shown as the result of test. Modified model defined the function of job preparation program as the operation of job club focused on better job hunting efficiency. Here, alcoholic problem was not considered as special issue but to be the negative reactions of subjects to their unemployment situation. Modified model was focused on natural drop of such reaction by motivating subjects to take more aggressive job hunting attitudes. Secondly, cognitive method theory was adopted for the modified model. Here, the basic concept of this theory was identical with that of initial model, but the model was modified in the form of various activities and follow-up impression sharing after activities in terms of its application by allowing for subjects' responsiveness. In addition, the modified model involved growing self-esteem and self-respect through voluntary service works and other practices of social skill training like learning in-house personal relationship through side job outreach and leisure activities, how to assert oneself, experience in high quality culture and so on. Thirdly, since the procedure of effect and process evaluation revealed some unrealistic aspects for its application to practical works, evaluation was performed only through job hunting efficiency test and NMH's Alcoholism Screening Test(NAST), which all contain some components of initial model. Fourthly, other factors unexpected even in initial model were found out and provided as a guideline useful for running job preparation program.

한국어

본 연구는 음주문제를 가진 저소득 실업자의 구직 효율성 증진을 위한 직업준비 프로그램 개발을 위한 연구이다. 다시 말하면 지역사회복지관의 제너럴리스트 실천가들이 영구임대단지 내의 음주문제를 가진 저소득실업자를 대상으로 직업준비를 이슈로 집단을 형성하고 구직행동의 장애요인인 실업과 빈곤에 대한 부정적 심리 정서적 문제의 완화(우울 및 불안의 해소, 불신감 해소 등), 음주문제의 완화를 꾀하고 구직동기 및 구직기술 증대를 목표로 마이크로, 메조, 매크로 차원의 개입을 시행함으로써 장기 실업자가 되는 것을 방지 하고 적극적 대처행동을 늘리는 “구직 효율성 증진을 위한 직업준비 프로그램”을 개발하는 것을 목표로 하였다.본 연구는 프로그램 개발 연구(Design & development model)에 근거하여 진행되어 실천 현장에서의 실천 지혜를 발견하여 낼 수 있으며 질적 평가를 통한 프로그램 개발방법을 제시하고 있다. 연구가 갖는 의의는 첫째, 음주 문제에 대한 개입 관점을 치료적 관점에서 탈피하고 환경적 관점에서 찾으려는 시도를 하였다는 점과 음주 및 실업이라는 이슈에 대해 마이크로 수준의 개입에서 매크로 수준까지의 다양한 개입방법을 활용하였다는 점 특히 사회적 기능을 유지하기위해 가장 시급한 직업준비를 중심으로 개입하여 음주 문제를 경감 시키는데 기여함으로서 저소득계층의 자활 및 음주 문제에 대한 대안을 제시하였다는데 있다.둘째, 본 연구를 통하여 제너럴리스트 사회사업 모델이 제시하는 사회사업가의 역할과 개입과정을 적용하고 제너럴리스트들이 개입할 수 있는 직업준비프로그램모델을 상세한 지침 및 매뉴얼과 함께 제시함으로서 저소득계층의 음주문제 개입에 대한 제너럴리스트로서의 전문성을 제고시키는 데 있다. 셋째, 실천 현장에서 프로그램 개발 및 평가를 위해 개발조사연구(Design & Development) 모델을 적용하여 현장에서 발견되는 실천지혜가 이론축적에 활용될 수 있도록 기여하는데 있다.