earticle

영어

The effects of maternal exercise on hippocampal neurogenesis, syn-aptic protein expression, and gut microbiome composition in the off-spring of older females were investigated. Male offspring from female C57BL/6 mice were divided into four groups: offspring of young female group (CON), offspring of exercised young female group, offspring of advanced-age female group (AMA), and offspring of exercised ad-vanced-age female group (AMA+EX). The exercised group received 8 weeks of treadmill training before and during pregnancy. Male off-spring were assessed at 4 weeks of age. Hippocampal neurogenesis was assessed by 5-bromo-2’-deoxyuridine/neuronal double immunoflu-orescence staining. Expression of synaptic plasticity-related proteins, including brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD-95), was analyzed by Western blot. Gut microbi-ome composition and diversity were assessed using 16S rRNA se-quencing of fecal samples. Offspring born to AMA females had signifi-cantly reduced hippocampal neurogenesis and lower expression levels of BDNF and PSD-95 compared to the CON group. In the AMA+EX group, maternal treadmill exercise significantly improved these deficits, restoring both neurogenesis and synaptic protein expression. In con-trast, gut microbiota analysis showed that microbial richness and alpha diversity were reduced in the offspring of exercised females, despite the relatively high diversity in the CON and AMA groups, especially in the AMA+EX group. Older mothers impair hippocampal neurogenesis and synaptic protein expression in offspring, and alter gut microbial diversi-ty. Maternal exercise may alleviate age-related neurodevelopmental disorders, but may also reduce microbial diversity in the offspring’s gut.