earticle

영어

According to the recent report of OECD education indicators on the cross-border education, international student mobility to OECD countries has doubled over the past 20 years. This trend is expected to grow continuously, inviting international discussions and investigations. This research is hypothesizing the phenomenon as 'transnational education,' and carry out the task of analyzing the world trend accurately and build a relevant theory with four concrete objectives: investigation of the newly emerging trends of transnational education, examination of the relevant explanations of transnational education, theorizing transnational education for the digital age, and forecasting of transnational education to suggest relevant counter actions. By the OECD indicators book, Education at a Glance 2004, 5.8% in average of the total number of post-secondary students are international students of the all 30 OECD member countries. In other words, 1.9 million students were enrolled in higher education institutions outside their home countries in 2002. Such a big number relates not only to head-counts but also to funds expended. Export revenue related to international student mobility amounted to an estimated minimum of US $30 billion in 1998, or 3% of global service exports(CERI/OCED 2004, Internationalization and Trade in Higher Education, p.13). According to the OECD report(2004) on cross-border education, international student mobility to OECD countries has doubled over the past 20 years,and together these countries currently host about 2 million foreign tertiary-level students. Between 1998 and 2001, the number of foreign students rose faster than the total number of tertiary-level students in OECD countries (16% for the former and 12% for the latter). IIE report (2004) indicated that the U.S.A. is the biggest host country, and has been continuously increasing her intakes of foreign students since 1950s: 1.4 % in 1954/55, 2.4 % in 1979/80, 3.0% in 1992/93 and 4.3 % in 2001/02.

한국어

최근 OECD의 교육지표에 따르면 OECD국가로의 국제 학생 이동은 지난 20년전보다 2배 이상으로 증가했다. 이 연구는 이러한 현상을 '초국적 교육(Transnational Education)'으로 가정하고 세계적 경향을 정확히 분석하려 하였다. 국제적인 학생의 이동에 대한 기존의 용어를 검토하고 이것을 토대로 산업혁명 이후로 국가에게 책임지워지고 있는 개인의 교육에 관한 선택은 디지털과 세계화 추세와 더불어 개인에게 환원되고 있다고 가정하였다. 이러한 가설은 유학이라 일컬어지던학생의 국제적 이동이 양적으로 증가하였을 뿐만 아니라, 단계적으로는 점차 고등교육에서 초․중등교육까지 확대되고, 내용면으로는 단기 유학프로그램에서 학위과정으로까지 확대되어 다양화되는 경향을 알 수 있었다. 이 연구의 주 방법론은 국제적 학생이동에 관한 기존의 용어 및 이론을 검토하고 교육의 새로운 경향에 대한 통계분석을 통하여 초국적 교육이 확대되어 가고 있음을 알아보았다.