earticle

영어

In this paper, the evacuation of a hospital outpatient building with four evacuation stairways following a fire is studied. Based on the location of the fire source, five scenarios are designed: (1) the fire source location does not affect any of the four evacuation stairways; (2) the fire source is near Stairway 1; (3) the fire source is near Stairway 2; (4) the fire source is near Stairway 3; and (5) the fire source is near Stairway 4. These five scenarios are simulated using Pathfinder, and the results show that the evacuation times are 183 seconds, 268.5 seconds, 205 seconds, 208.8 seconds and 225 seconds, respectively. Compared with Scenario 1, Scenario 2 shows the largest increase in evacuation time, with an increase of 46.72%. Based on Scenario 2, three alternatives are proposed: adding a ramp in the lobby, adding one fire elevator, and adding two fire elevators. The simulation results show that, compared with Scenario 2, these alternatives reduce evacuation time by 27.75%, 22.53%, and 25.77%, respectively. Therefore, adding a ramp achieves the most significant improvement in evacuation efficiency.