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Purpose: This study aimed to examine the effects of an infection control education program on nursing students' infection control knowledge, attitudes, and preventive behaviors and to evaluate the effectiveness of the program. Methods: This study utilized a quasi-experimental design with nonequivalent control group pre-post tests. The study was conducted in November 2024, targeting 31 second-year nursing students from a university in the G region (15 in the experimental and 16 in the control group). The experimental group participated in a four-week infection control education program (once a week, 2 hours per session), while the control group received no intervention. The effects of the education were evaluated through pre-and-post-surveys measuring infection control knowledge, attitudes, and preventive behaviors. Results: The infection control education program significantly improved nursing students' infection control knowledge (t=-3.29, p=.005). However, no significant changes were observed in infection control attitudes or preventive behaviors, suggesting that changes in attitudes and behaviors require more than short-term education and may need repetitive and long-term learning environment with reinforcement. Conclusion: The study confirms that infection control education effectively enhances nursing students' infection control knowledge. It highlights the need for repetitive and practice-oriented long-term education programs in future curriculum designs. This study provides the direction for strengthening nursing students' infection control competencies and underscores the necessity of future research to verify long-term changes in attitudes and behaviors.