earticle

영어

Purpose : This study aims to investigate changes in the global supply chain in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic and explore how changed strategies can contribute to sustainable growth and strengthening global competitiveness of the firm. Research design, data, methodology : We explain the evolution of global supply chain management in terms of academic perspectives and investigate the effects of COVID-19 pandemic, geographical tensions, and national policies on the global supply chain. Next, we introduce the concepts of reshoring, nearshoring, friend-shoring, and supply chain diversification, and learn about the impact of these strategies on firm performance in previous studies. Finally, we examine what factors currently affect global supply chain strategies through in-depth case studies using four multinational enterprises. Results : Companies are restructuring their global supply chain to have sustainable competitive advantage by considering various factors such as reduced dependence on a single supplier, geopolitical risk management, market accessibility, and alignment with national policy directions, in addition to cost advantages that were previously focused on in global supply management strategies. Conclusions : The existing global supply chain strategy, represented by offshoring, has revealed its vulnerabilities through external environment changes. Therefore, in the global value chain allocation, companies are now considering survival and competitiveness by addressing various factors in addition to cost reduction. Accordingly, managers should strive to expand more flexible and resilience supply chain strategies, and policymakers should take into account policies aligning the nation's strategic sectors with the company's global supply chain strategy, benefiting both the companies and the country. Purpose : This study aims to investigate changes in the global supply chain in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic and explore how changed strategies can contribute to sustainable growth and strengthening global competitiveness of the firm. Research design, data, methodology : We explain the evolution of global supply chain management in terms of academic perspectives and investigate the effects of COVID-19 pandemic, geographical tensions, and national policies on the global supply chain. Next, we introduce the concepts of reshoring, nearshoring, friend-shoring, and supply chain diversification, and learn about the impact of these strategies on firm performance in previous studies. Finally, we examine what factors currently affect global supply chain strategies through in-depth case studies using four multinational enterprises. Results : Companies are restructuring their global supply chain to have sustainable competitive advantage by considering various factors such as reduced dependence on a single supplier, geopolitical risk management, market accessibility, and alignment with national policy directions, in addition to cost advantages that were previously focused on in global supply management strategies. Conclusions : The existing global supply chain strategy, represented by offshoring, has revealed its vulnerabilities through external environment changes. Therefore, in the global value chain allocation, companies are now considering survival and competitiveness by addressing various factors in addition to cost reduction. Accordingly, managers should strive to expand more flexible and resilience supply chain strategies, and policymakers should take into account policies aligning the nation's strategic sectors with the company's global supply chain strategy, benefiting both the companies and the country.

한국어

글로벌 공급 사슬 관리는 최근 기업의 생존과 지속가능 경쟁우위를 획득하는데 중요한 요소로 자리매김하였다. COVID-19 팬데믹으로 인하여 글로벌 공급 사슬 관리의 취약점이 부각되었고, 지리적 긴장과 국가의 산업정책 등의 변화도 기업의 글로벌 공급사슬 관리 전략에 대한 변화를 요구하였다. 이 연구는 COVID-19 이후 4개의 다국적 기업의 사례를 통해, 글로벌 공급 사슬 관리의 변화 양상을 리쇼어링, 니어쇼어링, 프렌드쇼어링, 그리고 다각화 같은 전략이 지속 가능한 성장과 글로벌 경쟁력에 어떻게 기여하는지 탐구한다. 문헌 검토와 사례 연구를 통해 오프쇼어링으로부터 공급망의 근접화 및 다각화로의 전환을 분석한다. 그 결과 기업의 글로벌 공급 관리 전략의 변화는 비용 우위뿐만 아니라 시장접근성, 리스크관리, 정부의 정책과의 일치성 등 보다 다양한 동기가 작용하는 것을 알 수 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 점점 더 복잡해지고 예측 불가능한 글로벌 시장 환경에서 기업의 전략적 변화가 기업의 생존과 성장에 미치는 영향을 분석함으로써, 기업인 및 정책입안자 등 관련인들에게 인사이트를 제공할 수 있다.