earticle

영어

This study analyzed the total workers and employment-inducing effects of smart farms to address the socioeconomic challenges facing the agriculture, forestry, and fisheries industries and support their growth as emerging industrial sectors. Using the 2015 and 2020 Input-Output tables, the total workers and employment-inducing effects of the agriculture, forestry, fisheries, and smart agricultural machinery sectors (constituent sectors of smart farms) were analyzed and compared with those of smart farms. Additionally, to ensure smart farms effectively address employment issues in these industries, the current employment status within these sectors was proactively identified and compared with the outcomes of smart farms. As a result of the analysis, the proportion of employed people in the agriculture, forestry, and fisheries industries is 7.8%, which is significantly lower than the overall employment rate of the Korean economy, which is 74.4%. As of 2020, the indirect employment-inducing effect in agriculture, forestry, and fisheries was 3.37 people, while for smart agricultural machinery it was 2.585 people, a difference of about 0.7 people. The direct effect of self-employment in the sector was 1.618 for agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, and 2.067 for smart agricultural machinery, indicating a higher direct employment effect for smart agricultural machinery. Comparing the mutual total workers and employment-inducing effects between the two sectors, in the case of agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, the total workers-inducing effect on smart agricultural machinery in 2020 ranked 9th highest with 0.142 people, and the employment-inducing effect ranked 10th with 0.132 people. On the other hand, the total workers-inducing effect of smart agricultural machinery on the agriculture, forestry, and fisheries industry was also the 9th highest at 0.142 people as of 2020, but the employment-inducing effect was low at 0.008 people. Lastly, regarding the total workers-inducing effect of smart farms, as of 2020, the indirect effect of inducing total workers was 3.422 people, the direct effect was 3.820 people, the indirect effect of inducing employment was 2.631 people, and the direct effect was 2.029 people. These figures show an overall decline compared to 2015.

한국어

본 연구는 농림수산업이 직면한 사회경제적 문제를 해결하고 새로운 산업 분야로 성장하는 데 기여하기 위해 스마트팜의 취업·고용유발효 과를 분석하였다. 이를 위해 2015년과 2020년 산업연관표를 이용하여 스마트팜의 구성 부문인 농림수산업과 스마트 농기계 분야를 각각 구분 하여 취업·고용 유발효과를 분석하고 스마트팜의 취업·고용유발효과와 비교하였다. 또한 스마트팜이 농림수산업의 취업·고용 문제를 제대로 해결하기 위해 이 부문에 대한 취업·고용 현황을 선행적으로 파악하고 스마트팜의 결과와 비교하였다. 분석결과 농림수산업의 취업자 수 중 고용 비중은 7.8%로 한국경제 전체 고용율 74.4%와 비교했을 때 현저히 낮은 수치를 나타내고 있다. 2020년 고용유발효과를 중심으로 살펴보면, 농림수산업의 고용 간접 유발효과는 3.37명, 스마트 농기계는 2.585명으로 약 0.7명의 차이를 보 였다. 부문 자체 고용 직접효과는 농림수산업 1.618명, 스마트 농기계는 2.067명으로 스마트 농기계가 더 높게 나타났다. 두 부문 간 상호 취업· 고용유발효과를 비교하면, 농림축산업의 경우 2020년 스마트 농기계에 미치는 취업유발효과는 0.142명으로 9번째로 높은 순위를 나타냈고 고 용유발효과는 0.132명으로 10번째로 높게 나타났다. 반면, 스마트 농기계가 농림수산업에 미치는 취업유발효과는 2020년 기준 0.142명으로 9 번째로 높게 나타났지만 고용 유발효과는 0.008명으로 낮게 나타났다. 마지막으로 스마트팜의 취업유발효과는 2020년 기준 취업유발 간접효 과는 3.422명이었고 직접효과는 3.820명 그리고 고용유발 간접효과는 2.631명, 직접효과는 2.029명으로 2015년에 비해 전반적으로 하락한 수치였다.