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In this study, hair growth and maintenance efficacy of root extract of Rhododendron mucronulatum Turcz. was confirmed using hair follicle dermal papilla cells (HFDPC). The root extract of Rhododendron mucronulatum Turcz. was divided into two types: an extract level of 60% alcohol extract (RMR60E) and a compound level of Taxifolin-3-O-arabinopyranoside (Taxifolin glycoside). Prior to the experiment, MTT assay was performed to confirm the cytotoxicity of RMR60E and Taxifolin glycoside, both of which showed cell viability of more than 80% in all concentration ranges (25~200μg/ml) used in the experiment, confirming that there was no toxicity. Afterwards, in the H2O2-induced apoptosis inhibitory effect test, it was confirmed that both RMR60E and Taxifolin glycoside increased the cell viability in a concentration-dependent manner. DHT assay was performed to confirm the ability to inhibit the production of dihydrotestosterone (DHT), which is the cause of male pattern hair loss. First, when 20 nM of testosterone was treated in HFDPC, the production of DHT was increased. Thereafter, when treated with minoxidile, a positive control, strong inhibitory activity was confirmed. In comparison, when treated with RMR60E and Taxifolin glycoside, it didn’t show a stronger inhibitory activity than minoxidile, but it was confirmed that DHT production was inhibited in a concentration-dependent manner when compared with the negative control group. Based on the results of this study, it is considered that extract of Rhododendron mucronulatum has the potential to be developed as a material for hair-loss related medicines, functional foods, and functional cosmetics.