earticle

영어

Oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB) and oil palm fruit exocarps (PFE) are palm oil processing wastes. Considering its abundance, both forms of waste are potentially useful for valuable materials such as food preservatives and hazardous chemicals (FPHC) sensors. This study evaluated the possibility of using both wastes as nanocellulose and anthocyanin-based FPHC sensors. The OPEFB was converted into cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) by alkaline hydrogen peroxide – peracetic acid (AHP-PAA) and sulfuric acid hydrolysis. Hydrolysis was performed with 58 wt.% of H2SO4 at 45 oC for 60 min with l/s of 10 (mL/g). Anthocyanins of PFE waste were isolated using methanol 96%-HCl 1%. Anthocyanin – CNC combination was tested for its sensor capabilities against sodium nitrite, formalin, and borax. The results showed changes in morphological character, thermal properties, functional groups, structures, an increase in the degree of crystallinity of the CNC, and a yield of 31.23 ± 0.7%. Anthocyanin could detect sodium nitrite up to a concentration of 10 ppm, more sensitive than formalin and borax, detectable at concentration limits of 10000 ppm (1%) and 100000 ppm (10%), respectively. A 0.02% (w/v) CNC in anthocyanin solution did not significantly increase the detection sensitivity to formalin and borax. However, CNC addition increased the detection sensitivity to sodium nitrite, indicated by an increase of absorbance to 218% (compared with anthocyanin without CNC).