earticle

영어

Bamboo is one of the major biomass resources that have many advantages compared to wood due to its fast growth, short cycle, and a relatively cheaper in price. In this study, the anatomical characteristics as cell dimension and crystalline properties of four bamboo species that are using widely in Indonesia, namely, Giant (Dendrocalamus giganteus), Kuning (Bambusa vulgaris), Betung (Dendrocalamus asper) and Tali (Gigantochloa apus) bamboos were examined by optical and scanning electron microscopy and an X-ray diffraction method. The observation of anatomical characteristics in cross section showed that Giant and Tali bamboos had vascular bundle type Ⅲ, while Kuning and Betung bamboos had vascular bundle type Ⅳ (Grosser and Liese , 1971). The inner part of vascular bundles in four bamboo species showed clear boundaries between central vascular strand and fiber strand, while the outer part samples showed unclear boundaries. The fiber length in outer part samples of the four bamboo species showed higher dimension than that of the inner part samples. In addition, the results showed a significant difference among the four bamboo species, showing the longest fiber length in Betung bamboo. Giant bamboo showed the greatest vessel and parenchyma diameters. Parenchyma cells in Betung bamboo showed the greatest length and width in both radial and tangential sections. The analysis of variances on vessel diameter and parenchyma diameter revealed significant differences among the four bamboo species. The relative crystallinity and crystallite width in outer part samples of the four bamboo species showed higher values than the inner part samples, with the highest values obtained from Tali bamboo.