earticle

영어

The aim of this study was to provide basic guidelines for conservation and management of endangered plants in the national parks of Korea. Hibiscus hamabo (Malvaceae), Korean common name is “Hwang-Geun”, is considered a second-class endangered species by Korean government and it is listed as a VU (Vulnerable) species in Red Data Book of Korea. We analyzed ecological conditions of H. hamabo habitats based on vegetation properties and soil characteristics. This species which is known to inhabit in coastal sands near sea levels of sub-temperate regions of Korea and its population was located at an elevation of 3m to 36m. In the study sites, soil organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphate, exchangeable potassium, exchangeable calcium, exchangeable magnesium, exchangeable sodium, cation exchange capacity and soil pH were 2.75-12.11%, 0.05-0.63%, 1.37-7.59ppm, 0.26-2.30cmol+/kg, 3.80-18.67cmol+/kg, 2.39-10.53cmol+/kg, 0.20-15.33cmol+/kg, 13.52-75.54cmol+/kg and 5.10-7.95 respectively. Additionally, the genetic variation and structure of three populations were assessed using ISSR (Inter Simple Sequence Repeat) markers. The genetic diversity of H. hamabo (P=30.62%, H=0.113, S=0.168) at the species level was very low than that of other long-lived perennials. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) apportioned among population and within population variations, showing more genetic variance (59%) occurred in within population, and 41% variation within populations. Lastly, we developed predicted distribution model based on climate and topographic factors by applying SDMs (Species Distribution Models). Consequently, current status of H. hamabo habitats is very fragile and vulnerable, with costal road construction and development constantly threatening the species’ survival. Therefore, it is essential to establish in situ conservation strategies for protecting natural habitats and to require exploring potential and alternative habitats for reintroduction.