earticle

영어

This study examines how English plosives were perceived by Korean speakers by analyzing the Korean transliteration of English words in Ji-seok-young’s Ahakpyeon, a foreign language learning book published in the modern era. While English plosives have a voiceless and voiced opposition, Korean plosives have a plain, tense, and aspirated opposition. In addition, phonetic realization depending on the phonological environment and Syllable Structure Constraints differ. The Hangul transcription in Ahakpyeon corresponds English voiceless plosives to Korean aspirated sounds, and voiced plosives to tense sounds (‘s(ㅅ)’ series compound characters) and plain sounds. Voiceless plosives are transcribed in aspirated initial consonant, plain final consonant, Jungcheol(double spelling). Most of them are written as aspirated consonants because English voiceless plosives are pronounced as aspirated consonants at the beginning of the word where the phoneme discrimination is strongest. While plosive is pronounced not released at the end of syllables in Korean, released in English, so a vowel was inserted at the end of words to indicate the perceived released. The Jungcheol transcription seems to be a result of the long closure duration of voiceless plosives, their ambisyllabicity, and the tendency of Korean Jungcheol orthography at that era. Voiced plosives tended to be transcribed as ‘s(ㅅ)’ series compound characters in the initial of words, and as plain sounds in the middle and end of words. The plain plosive in Korean is pronounced as a voiceless sound in the beginning of words, and as a voiced sound between voiced sounds. Between voiced sounds in the middle of the word, voiced plosives in English and plain plosive in Korean are phonetically identical, so voiced plosives are transcribed as plain. At the end of the word, they are written as plain with inserting vowel to create a phonological condition between voiced sounds. In the beginning of words, voiced plosives are transcribed as compound characters with ‘s(ㅅ)’ because of the Phonetic difference between voiced plosives in English and plain plosives in Korean.

한국어

근대 시기 간행된 외국어 학습서 지석영의 『兒學編』에 수록된 영어 단어의 한글 표기를 분석하여 영어의 파열음의 한글 표기가 어떻게 이루어졌는지 살펴보았다. 영어 의 파열음은 무성과 유성의 대립을 가지지만, 한국어의 파열음은 평음, 경음, 격음의 대립을 가진다. 『兒學編』의 한글 표기는 영어의 무성 파열음을 주로 격음자 단독으로 표기하거나 중철 표기를 하였다. 유성 파열음은 ‘ㅅ’ 합용병서 표기와 평음자 표기가 혼란스럽게 나타났다. 어두에서는 ‘ㅅ’ 합용병서 표기가 우세하고, 어말과 유성음 사이 에서는 평음자 표기가 우세하였다. 무성 파열음과 유성 파열음 모두 어말에서는 받침 으로 표기하기보다 모음을 삽입하여 음절 초성자로 표기하거나 중철 표기를 하였다. 어말의 영어 파열음에서 개방이 인식되었기에 모음을 삽입하여 표기한 것으로 보인다. 무성 파열음에서 주로 나타난 중철 표기는 무성 파열음의 폐쇄 지속 시간이 길다는 점 과 양음절성, 당시 우리말의 격음의 중철 표기 습관으로 나타난 것으로 보인다.