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Objectives: The purpose of this study is to examine the marital status, drinking behavior, and mental health characteristics of alcohol consumers, and to explore the relationship between marital status and mental health among alcohol consumers. Methods: The research data utilized raw data from the 8th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2020), Second Round. A total of 3,713 participants were included in the final analysis. Data analysis was performed using the statistical software SPSS version 26.0. Results: The relationship between the study participants and mental health revealed that compared to those with a spouse, individuals who were divorced or separated had an odds ratio (OR) of 2.598 for ‘depression’ and an OR of 2.142 for ‘suicidal thoughts’. In the case of ‘stress perception’, individuals who were divorced or separated had an OR of 3.434. In terms of gender, females had an OR of 4.867 for ‘depression’, an OR of 2.510 for ‘suicidal thoughts’, and an OR of 1.847 for ‘stress perception’, compared to males. Regarding age, the odds of ‘depression’ were 1.801 times higher in the 60 to 79 age group compared to the 18 to 39 age group. For smoking status, smokers had an OR of 2.812 for ‘depression’ compared to non-smokers. The OR for ‘suicidal thoughts’ was 3.047, and the OR for ‘stress perception’ was 1.463. However, the relationship between mental health and binge drinking frequency and quantity of alcohol consumed in a single session was not significant. Conclusion: The divorced, separated, or bereaved groups may be vulnerable to ‘depression,’ ‘suicidal ideation,’ and ‘stress.’ Therefore, there is an expectation to explore strategies for the development and enhancement of community-based mental counseling and health education support programs, aiming to improve the mental well-being and quality of life of individuals and the local community.