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After the COVID-19 pandemic, a cashless society is rapidly emerging into reality. With the prolonged COVID-19 in 2020, discussions on the introduction of Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC) issued by each country’s central banks are growing. In addition, consumers prefer payment methods for mobile first and fully digital. In particular, China is leading the way in issuing digital currency. Since 2014, the People’s Bank of China has established a research organization dedicated to digital currency and has been promoting pilot tests step by step. Starting with the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics, the scope of pilot tests is being expanded to enable regional transactions in intra-regional transactions with the aim of commercializing digital RMB. In addition, China is conducting pilot tests with the aim of increasing the efficiency of the international payment and settlement system with the digital RMB having an institutional and system advantage in cross-border transactions. The digital renminbi cross-border payment system test is still in its early stages of exploration. In the short term, it will take a lot of time for digital RMB technology to be properly established. However, each country’s digital currency development is also in its early stages, so it is important to make it compatible with other countries’ digital currencies. Korea also needs to take an advantageous position in establishing a global digital currency payment system by leading the establishment of global norms and systems related to CBDC. As such, it is an important task to establish specific international standards through international discussions and cooperation on digital currency that can be traded across borders.