earticle

영어

This paper targets to identify Korean equivalents of Japanese passives, focusing on 250 examples of -jida (meaning becoming) type translation. 250 examples of ラレル type equivalents are classified into 9 categories, with the ratio of 25(19.8%), 22(17.7%), respectively, for -jida type equivalents, and the share is found not to be significantly big. Further focusing on Korean translations of -e type and -jida type, subjects and agents of ST, or Source Text, sentences are divided into animate/inanimate, respectively, to analyze specific conditions or linguistic contexts for different combination. The analysis shows that -e type translation is possible regardless of subject classification and -jida type tends to be possible mostly for sentences with inanimate subjects and the relevant verbs do not have -e type verb inflection. Through these analyses, it can be concluded that -jida passives correspond to ラレル type as a support for -e type in sentences with inanimate subjects. The analysis continues concentrating on -jida type-only equivalents. Targeting to identify the influence the agent has on the object, the subjects and the agents are divided into animate/inanimate, with the agents further sub-classified. In inanimate-subject sentences, agents are the following: a. a majority of people or groups of people b. general people c. person or natural phenomena with no need for identifying, for (-/+) sentences. Natural phenomena and causes for (-/-) sentences, implying lack of activity on the part of the subject, unconscious of the agent. Further, in animate-subject sentences, the agents are a. general people and b. animate agent with no concrete action implied for (+/+) sentences, and causes for (-/-) sentences. In consideration of features of animate-subject sentences, the sentences share certain characteristics with inanimate-subject sentences; the agents do not show any direct or concrete action in the realization of the event. -jida translations produce expressions in combination with emotive adjectives, which can be still carried into passives. Sentences denoting the subject’s voluntary psychological change can have translation equivalents of -jida, and it’s because -jida type expresses psychological change of the animate subject.