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The word ‘diakonia’ is a Greek word widely used in the secular society of the Greeks. This word, therefore, appears many times in the New Testament. Today, the term diakonia is frequently used to mean ‘social ministry’, ‘social action’, ‘social engagement’, ‘social responsibility’ or ‘social work’. In order to study the understanding of diakonia of the World Christian Churches. I investigated how World Christian Churches understand diakonia. In particular, the study explored three main Christian Churches: Methodist, Baptist and Reformed Church. The Methodist movement seems to be a faith movement to achieve holistic salvation by socially linking evangelicalism and pietism. These values are an important source of how Methodism responds to the social issues of each age. Baptists have been making social efforts since the early Baptist World Congress with their interest in race, justice, human rights and religious freedom. They also seem to be making efforts for more professional and concrete diakonia practices using the aid organization of their congress. It appears that these organizations are engaged in ecumenical activities that are beyond Baptist churches, cooperating with other organizations and religions. The WCRC raised interest in the Reformed Church’s attitude to the world’s structural poverty issue. This church seems to be making an effort for a diakonia approach with interest in the definition of global economic injustice and ecological destruction. These world churches have continued their diakonia efforts, dealing with social needs and issues based on their beliefs and theology, although their emphasis on the realm and scope of diakonia practices are slightly different.