earticle

영어

The purpose of this study is to develop and validate a scale of perspective-taking for soldiers. For this purpose, following the review of the definition of perspective-taking and the previous research, and the first preliminary questionnaire for soldiers were produced through the distribution of a questionnaire by soldiers. And there was conducted content validity test on these questions with 15 experts to develop a second preliminary scale of 60 items. In order to get the final scale items, a questionnaire was administered with 302 military personnel, and a item analysis and a exploratory factor analysis were conducted. As a result, the final scale of the three factors (understanding other people's thoughts, decentering, understanding military organization), and a total of 14 questions were derived. Next, 454 Army soldiers were surveyed in order to validate the developed perspective-taking scale. The goodness of fit for the scale through confirmatory factor analysis showed that it was a useful model. As a result of examining the correlation between the sub-factors of the scale, the sub-factors, it was shown that significant positive correlation with each other, and that they are components that measure perspective-taking ability. As a result of examining the correlation with the sympathy scale and the decentering scale for verifying the convergent validity of the scale, it was found that there was a significant positive correlation with the sympathy scale and the decentering scale. As a result of examining the correlation with the aggression scale for verifying the discriminate validity, it was found that there was a significant negative correlation with the aggression scale. Finally, 4 weeks later, the same 124 soldiers were interviewed to confirm the reliable test-retest results. This scale was developed for soldiers and constituted sub-factor that were not presented by existing scales. Thus, it can be a concrete measure of the relationship between the overall factors and the sub-factors in the study of soldier subjects. It also reflected the environmental characteristics of the soldiers, including the subconscious concept of understanding military organization under which the soldiers were working. Use the scale to measure the ability of soldiers who are experiencing conflicts with the units and interpersonal relationships, such as superior and subordinate, who are experiencing incompatibility with communication difficulties, consultative interventions that can improve ability will help accommodate soldiers' military life.

한국어

본 연구는 병사의 조망수용능력을 측정하는 척도를 개발하고 타당화 하는데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해, 전 문가 집단의 토의와 병사대상 설문을 거쳐 구성요인과 예비문항을 제작하였다. 다음으로 이 문항들에 대해 15인의 전문가를 대상으로 내용타당도 검증을 실시하여 60개의 예비문항을 개발하였다. 최종 척도 문항을 선정하기 위해 육군병사 302명을 대상으로 예비검사를 실시하여, 문항분석과 탐색적 요인분석을 실시하였 다. 그 결과, 병사의 조망수용능력을 측정하는 3개요인(타인사고 이해, 탈중심화, 군 조직 이해), 총 14문항 으로 구성된 최종 척도를 도출하였다. 다음으로 개발된 조망수용능력 척도의 타당화를 위해 육군병사 454명을 대상으로 본 검사를 실시하였 다. 확인적 요인분석을 통해 적합도를 검증한 결과, 양호한 모형으로 나타났다. 또한 이 척도의 하위요인 간의 상관관계를 살펴본 결과, 하위요인들은 서로 유의미하게 정적상관을 나타내면서 조망수용능력을 측정 하는 구성요소들임을 보여주었다. 척도의 수렴타당도 검증을 위해 공감 척도, 탈중심화 척도와의 상관관계 를 살펴본 결과, 공감 척도, 탈중심화 척도와는 유의미한 정적 상관이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 변별타당도 검증을 위해 공격성 척도와의 상관관계를 살펴본 결과, 공격성 척도와는 유의미한 부적 상관이 있는 것으 로 나타났다. 마지막으로 4주 후에 동일병사 124명을 대상으로 설문하여 양호한 검사-재검사 신뢰도를 확 인하였다. 연구 결과에 기초하여 본 연구의 제한점 및 추후연구를 위한 제언을 제시하였다.