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Objectives: The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of affect climate on organizational health and customer orientation. Methods: A total of 309 completed surveys were collected between September 15 and October 16, 2021. The data included factors such as socio-demographics, work-related characteristics, affect climate, etc. Statistical methods such as the t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation analysis, and multiple linear regression analysis were used. Results: First, the positive display climate and positive experiential climate of the affect climate of medical institutions had a positive effect on all organizational health factors. Second, increases in ‘positive display climate’ and ‘positive experiential climate’ were found to have a positive effect on customer orientation. Third, a negative display climate had a negative effect on organizational health and voluntary customer orientation. Conclusions: Medical institutions need to continuously develop and operate organizational-level education and training to improve organizational health based on the emotional environment that is closely connected in the process of organizational culture improvement.