earticle

영어

This study aims to examine marine civilization of the European Continent as an extension of studies on marine civilization of the U.S. and Britain experienced by Burlingame and Iwakura Missions. This study will also be summarizing the image of seaport cities of Asia they experienced on their homeward sea route, and comparing to the marine civilization of Europe. In the first half of text, this study introduced outlines of marine civilization by dividing countries in the European Continent into small and large countries. As for European countries, peculiarities of marine civilization do not look so stand out for short length of stay relatively short as compared to the U.S. or Britain, and strong continental characteristics. When thinking pieces of record collectively, however, France, Preussen, Russia and northern European countries pursued a maritime power like the U.S. and Britain. In regards to the foregoing, varied contents such as creation of navy and shipbuilding industry, selection and treatment of naval officers and men, armaments of navy, anchor and management of ships of many countries inside the port, customs and bonded warehouse, operation of port and repair of vessels, fisheries and aquaculture industry are recorded on the travelogue of Chinese and Japanese missions. In the latter half of text, this study paid attention to the marine image of representative seaport cities of Southwest and Southwest Asia experienced by the parties of Burlingame and Iwakura in the course of their homeward journey. Homeward sea route of the missions of the two countries came to an end with Hong Kong and Shanghai after passing through Mediterranean Sea, Red Sea, Arabian Sea, Island of Ceylon, Bay Of Bengal and South China Sea. Having a stopover in many colonial cities including India and Southeast Asia away from Europe, their views on Asian looked twofold. In other words, sympathetic attitude toward the same race and a critical attitude toward the Orient which was inferior to the U.S. and European civilization were overlapped. Especially, Chinese mission gave a fond look at the Chinese living in Southeast Asia by separating them from the natives, but Japanese mission showed clear distinction by disparaging them as insanitary and smelly people.