earticle

영어

This paper aims to examine the physical characteristics of each edition of all Korean vernacular explications on funeral rites that have been published during the Joseon dynasty, the Japanese colonial period and after the liberation as well as ascertain the stemmatology of these books by comparing and analyzing their organization and contents. A survey of extant books, domestic and overseas, on vernacular explications of funeral rites resulted in a total of 48 books which can be categorized into six categories according to their contents: Vernacular Explication of Funerary Rites, Manual on the Rites of the Beginning of the Final Rite, Vernacular Explication of Excerpts from Funerary Rites, Written Vernacular Funerary Rites, Excerpts from Funerary Rites, and Written Korean-Chinese Funerary Rites. In existence are 1716 manuscript edition and 1935 modern movable lead type edition of Vernacular Explication of Funerary Rites, 1832/1880 manuscript edition and 1920 modern movable lead type edition of Manual on the Rites of the Beginning of the Final Rite, undated xylographic edition of Vernacular Explication of Excerpts from Funerary Rites, 1870 xylographic edition of Written Vernacular Funerary Rites, undated xylographic edition of Excerpts from Funerary Rites, and 1926-1956 modern movable lead type edition of Written Korean-Chinese Funerary Rites. Editions of vernacular explications of funerary rites were compiled based on Essentials of Funerary Rites which was modified and supplemented according to the customs of Joseon dynasty and Excerpts from Funerary and Ancestral Rites. The manuscripts of Vernacular Explication of Funerary Rites and Manual on the Rites of the Beginning of the Final Rite were both refed to Rites Essentials of Funerary Rites, but the two vernacular manuscripts ​​had different degrees of acceptance and ways of describing it. Vernacular Explication of Excerpts from Funerary Rites, which is a Korean translation of Excerpts from Funerary and Ancestral Rites, influenced the composition of the structure of the pocket-sized 1870 edition of Written Vernacular Funerary Rites and the xylographic edition of Excerpts from Funerary Rites, but their translations were different. Modern movable lead type edition of Written Korean-Chinese Funerary Rites divided procedure of ‘mourning from beginning to end’ into small categories such as ‘leaving wills’, ‘decease’, ‘straightening up the body’, and ‘invocation of the spirit’ etc. and interpreted them in easy Korean to suit modern conditions. As a result, it can be seen that vernacular explications of funerary rites had not been directly influenced by each other because they composed for different purposes.

한국어

조선시대부터 일제강점기, 해방 이후에 이르기까지 간행된 상례(喪禮) 언해서(諺解書)를 모두 조사하여 개별 판본의 형태적 특징을 검토하고, 그 체재와 내용을 비교 분석하여 계통을 정립하고자 하였다. 국내외에 현전하는 상례 언해서를 조사한 결과 총 48책을 찾을 수 있었고, 내용별로는 ｢상례언해(喪禮諺解)｣, ｢초종례요람(初終禮要覽)｣, ｢상례초언해(喪禮抄諺解)｣, ｢언문상례(諺文喪禮)｣, ｢상례초(喪禮抄)｣, ｢국한문상례(國漢文喪禮)｣ 6종으로 구분할 수 있었다. ｢상례언해｣는 1716년의 필사본과 1935년의 신연활자본, ｢초종례요람｣은 1832년/1880년의 필사본과 1920년의 신연활자본, ｢상례초언해｣는 시기 미상의 목판본, ｢언문상례｣는 1870년의 목판본, ｢상례초｣는 시기 미상의 목판본, ｢국한문상례｣는 1926년～1956년의 신연활자본이 있다. 상례 언해서는 조선의 시속에 맞게 수정 보완된 ｢상례비요(喪禮備要)｣와 그 축약본인 ｢상제례초(喪祭禮抄)｣를 바탕으로 편찬되었다. 필사본 ｢상례언해｣와 ｢초종례요람｣은 모두 ｢상례비요｣를 참조하였으나, 그 수용 정도와 서술 방식은 각기 다르다. ｢상제례초｣를 한글로 번역한 ｢상례초언해｣는 1870년의 수진본 ｢언문상례｣와 목판본 ｢상례초｣의 체재 구성에는 영향을 주었으나, 그 언해문은 다르다. 신연활자본 ｢국한문상례｣는 기존의 ‘초종(初終)’ 의절을 근현대의 실정에 맞게 ‘유언(遺言)’, ‘운명(殞命)’, ‘수시(收尸)’, ‘고복(皐復)’ 등의 항목으로 나누고 우리말로 쉽게 풀이하였다. 결과적으로 상례 언해서는 각기 다른 편찬 시기와 목적에 따라 그 체재나 언해문 또한 조금씩 다르다는 사실을 확인할 수 있었다.