원문정보
초록
영어
Interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) are among the most important transcription mediators and have multiple biological functions, such as antiviral and antimicrobial defense, cell differentiation, immune modulation, and apoptosis. Three IRF family members (HaIRF4-like, HaIRF6, and HaIRF8) of the big belly seahorse (Hippocampus abdominalis) were molecularly and functionally characterized at the sequence and transcriptional level. The coding sequences of HaIRF4-like, HaIRF6, and HaIRF8 were 1214, 1485, and 1266 bp in length, encoding proteins of size 46.21, 55.32, and 47.56 kDa, respectively. Potential viral transcription and replication was detected against VHSV infection using qPCR in HaIRFs-transfected FHM cells. IRFs significantly reduced viral gene expression at 24 h and 48 h post infection and the expression of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) was modulated at transcriptional level upon HaIRF overexpression in FHM cells. Subcellular HaIRF localization was observed using GFP-tagged expression vectors in FHM cells. HaIRF4-like and HaIRF8 were localized to the nucleus, whereas HaIRF6 was observed in the cytoplasm. All three IRFs were ubiquitously expressed in all analyzed tissues of the big belly seahorse. The mRNA expression of IRF4-like, IRF6, and IRF8 increased significantly post injection in the blood and gills following LPS, poly (I:C), and Streptococcus iniae challenge. These findings demonstrate that seahorse IRFs are involved in host defense mechanisms against immune stimulants and HaIRFs induce interferon and ISGs which trigger antiviral activity against viral infections in the host.
목차
1. Introduction
2. Materials and methods
2.1. Experimental seahorses and tissue isolation
2.2. Sequence identification and bioinformatics analysis of IRFs from thebig-belly seahorse
2.3. Immunological challenge experiment
2.4. Total RNA purification and cDNA preparation
2.5. Transcriptional analysis of HaIRF4-like, HaIRF6, and HaIRF8
2.6. Plasmid cloning
2.7. Cell line, virus, and transfection
2.8. Subcellular HaIRF4-like, HaIRF6, and HaIRF8 localization
2.9. Detection of antiviral activity by gene expression and virus titer ofVHSV
2.10. HaIRF4- like, HaIRF6, HaIRF8 overexpression
2.11. Statistical analysis
3. Results
3.1. Molecular characterization of HaIRF4-like, HaIRF6 and HaIRF8
3.2. Subcellular localization
3.3. HaIRFs reduce viral gene transcription and virus titer in FHM cells
3.4. Effect of HaIRFs on downstream gene transcription
3.5. Quantitative detection of tissue-specific HaIRF mRNA expressionpatterns
3.6. Time-dependent transcription of HaIRFs upon immune challenge
4. Discussion
Acknowledgments
Appendix A. Supplementary data
References