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Objectives: This study aimed to analyze the degree of COVID-19 prevention behavior and to identify its affecting factors among high school students. The participants were 135 students from two high schools located in J city. Methods: Data were collected from July 20 to 27, 2020 using self-reported questionnaires. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics: t-test, ANOVA, and multiple regression analysis using IBM SPSS 25.0. Results: The subjects got a mean of 2.89 in COVID-19 prevention behavior (range 1-4). The factors that affected the COVID-19 prevention behavior revealed grade (β=-.352, p<.001), gender (β=-.374, p<.001), subjective health status (β=.186, p=.040), perceived susceptibility (β=.182, p=.038), and self-efficacy (β=-.172, p=.030). These factors explained 38.3% of the variance in COVID-19 prevention behavior. Conclusions: The results indicated that high school students have not taken enough COVID-19 prevention behavior. Therefore, it is necessary to develop intervention strategies to improve the practice of COVID-19 prevention behavior among high school students, including subjective health status, perceived susceptibility, and self-efficacy.