earticle

영어

This study was directed to study how the ultra-national and militaristic ideologies demanded of the unusual wartime in Japan were carried out in Japanese government-published reading textbook used for the compulsory education state. To this end, the process of reorganizing the topics used in reading textbooks and introducing new topics was examined, and the guidelines of the teacher's guidebook were analyzed with focus. To bring the banner for Japan-first ideology to realize Five Races under One Union and to guide the Greater East Asia, Japan used materials such as Japanese, Mount Fuji, and Japanese flag and tried to shape people’s perceptions that Greater East Asia was the center of the world and Japan guided Greater East Asia. It also tried to enable children to acquire the spirit of national defense by reflecting the times of the war. For the purpose, imitative plays like military promenades or military games were performed by connecting children’s activity to life, and children were performed the role that the nation needed and guided to take their sacrifices through scientific, industrial, and cultural topics with military and nationalism elements melted naturally. In other words, Japanese reading textbook based on ultranationalism and militarism ideals in wartime slowly infiltrated children by utilizing the topics the needs of the times. It was designed systematically by politicians, military personnel, educators, and children’s writers as emerged in the textbook compilation process. Ultimately, the Japanese reading textbooks in wartime was used as a useful tool to support and to promote the ideological system of the Greater East Asia.