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There are countless nutritional supplements, medical technologies and medicines that have been remarkably developed day to day, however, human diseases also have been diversified along with these innovative health technologies. According to statistics of the National Health Insurance Service, patients suffering from chronic diseases are on an increasing trend due to the soaring population of senior citizens. Recently, it is accepted that an excessive free radicals such as reactive oxygen species (ROS) is closely related to aging and a cause of various diseases such as cancer, dementia, diabetes, etc. Free radicals such as •O−2, H2O2, and •OH are formed as a natural byproduct of the normal metabolism of oxygen (O2), and have important roles in cell signaling, homeostasis and antibiosis. However, excessive production of ROS attack and destroy cells, organs and tissues, which causes oxidative damage. It is known that around 90% of diseases is caused by oxidative stress. As a strong anti-oxidant which reduces levels of toxic ROS, molecular hydrogen currently receives attention in the medical field. Hydrogen acts as an anti-oxidant in the body, including infarcted brain and blocked blood vessels. Hydrogen is an essential constituent of human body, and is one of the components of fats, proteins and carbohydrates. Hydrogen is discharged as water by being combined with ROS in the body. It increases immunity, keeps the cells healthy, prevents various diseases, increases energy, and slows down the aging process. Recently, it was reported that hydrogen therapy clinically alleviated the symptoms of COVID-19 patients. Thus, hydrogen medicine is expected to be an alternative for the solution of aging and intractable diseases.