earticle

영어

This paper studied the meanings and phases of jun(君), chen(臣) and min(民) and examined the Confucius utopia in jenlogy(仁學) system. As the result of it, we have had four main suggestions that drop a hint for us in now days. 1) The meanings of jun(君) which was argued by Confucius was revealed four types such as President, Congressman, local government head, and local assembly man. So the person who became jun(君) at this time must be conscious of his governance and carry out his roles and duties for nation and people. And than he must control himself and practice ethics and morality. 2) The chen(臣) who had qualification and authority to carry out the governance of jun(君) meaned government officials in now days. Therefore the person who became chen(臣) must recognize to his mission and duty what he should serve and attend on nation and people. Furthermore he might controle himself and practice ethics and morality like as jun(君). 3) The meanings of min(民) which was described as subject that was ruled by jun(君) and chen(臣) was revealed citizenship. But he had sovereign authority in the same breath. So that he must use his authority in other to elect good man as a jun(君) or chen(臣) and keep a close eye on them to serve their community. And he must try to carry out his duty and responsibility. 4) We can receive the wisdom of harmony which were derived from dai-tong(大同) in one hand and xiao-kang(小康) in the other hand. And we might take some ideas about the public order, the appropriate method, and moderation between moral value and material goods from the Confucius utopia.

한국어

이 글은 공자가 그리고 있는 이상사회의 모습과 특질을 이해해 보고 이를 통해 공자 인학의 한 특징과 그에 따른 현대적 시사점을 파악하려는 것으로, 다음 내용을 중심으로 한다. 먼저 위정(爲政)의 주체인 군(君)의 위상과 그 연원으로서 왕(王)과 천자(天子)의 존재, 그리고 위정에 있어서 군신(君臣) 관계와 신(臣)의 의무 등을 이해해 봄으로써 공자가 수용하고 있는 정체 체제의 특질과 위정의 필요조건을 살펴보는 것으로, 제2장과 제3장의 내용이 여기에 해당한다. 다음으로 위정의 대상으로서 민(民)의 존재와 민에 대한 군과 신의 의무로서 민본(民本)과 덕치(德治), 그리고 그에 따른 대동(大同)과 소강(小康)의 사회 질서를 살펴봄으로써 공자가 전제 또는 지향한 위정의 목적과 이상사회의 의의를 밝혀보는 것으로, 제4장과 제5장에서 다루어진다. 끝으로 군, 신, 민의 현대적 의미와 그에 따른 위민 민본의 시사점을 음미해 보는 것으로 결론의 내용이 이에 해당한다.