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Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of squat exercises using various resistances on muscle activity, muscle thickness, and static balance ability. Methods: Around 38 subjects (healthy female adults) were randomly assigned to elastic resistance (n=13), load resistance (n=13), and body squat (n=12) conditions, after which, a total of 18 exercises were performed. All subjects’ muscle activity, muscle thickness, and static balance were measured using surface electromyography, diagnostic ultrasonography, and balance measuring devices before and after 3 weeks and 6 weeks. Results: The effect of exercise on muscle activity, muscle thickness, and static balance significantly increased with time after 3 and 6 weeks in each group (p<.05). As a result of the comparison of the effects between the groups, the elastic resistance group and the load resistance group were found to have significant increases six weeks later more so than the body squat group (p<.05). Conclusions: The results showed that the elastic resistance squat and load resistance squat exercises are more effective in improving muscle strength and static balance rather than body squat exercises.