earticle

영어

The preamble of the Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT Agreement) shows that ‘no country should be prevented fromtakingmeasures necessary to ensure the quality of its exports, or for the protection of human, animal or plant life or health, of the environment, or for the prevention ...with the provisions of this Agreement;’. Through multilateralism and proliferation of regionalism, the world trade system led to positive effects for the vitalization of free trade with tariff reductions. However, increases of non-tariff barriers such as member countries different labelling, recognition and safety standards for the protection of their own countries industries have caused conflicts between member country’s rights and obligations to use their autonomy for the protection of human, animal or plant life or health, of the environment. Even though the TBT Agreement is meaningful in the world trade system, it has limited theWTOdisputes related to the TBTAgreement. However, there are three cases interpreted by the agreement in 2012 and through many previous studies examined about the three cases so this paper limits the scope to only Article 2.2. To clarify the points, firstly this paper analyses the background of the WTO/TBT agreement. secondly, examines the three cases adopted fromthe WTO/DSU under the TBT agreement Article 2.2 and lastly, the possibility of harmonization between the promotion of trade and member’s autonomy and the requirements.

한국어

WTO회원국들은인간,동물,식물의생명또는건강,국가안보상의이유또는환경의보호와 같은정당한목적을달성하기위해필요한조치라면국내법으로입안할수있고,이러한회원국의 자치권과자유무역증진이라는WTO이념간의적절한균형유지는상당히중요하다.이를위해 TBT협정제2.2조의정당한목적의고려는무역증진이라는이념하에서각국의자치권을원용할 수있는적절한균형을이룰수있을것이다. 하지만WTO회원국이자국민의건강또는환경보호등과같은목적을추구함에있어기술규정 을통한자치권행사는회원국의권리와의무간에충돌을야기할수있다.그동안TBT협정에 대한분쟁해결기구(Dispute Settlement Body,이하DSB)의제한적인인용으로그중요성을 인정받지못하였지만, 최근DSB의유의미한판례들은TBT협정의중요성을상기시키고있다. 이에본논문에서는미국-Tuna II,미국-정향담배그리고US-COOL사건과관련하여TBT 제2.2조의해석즉, 해당조치의정당한목적, 정당한목적의달성을위한해당조치의기여도, 해당조치의무역-제한성그리고해당사안에있어위험의본질과해당조치를통해해당회원국이 추구한목적의비준수로부터야기될결과의중대성을해석함으로써무역증진과회원국의자치권 간의균형적인발전방향을살펴봄으로써TBT협정제2.2조의정당한목적에대한해석기준을 마련하고자하였다.