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August Wilson pointed out the psychological crisis encountered by the black living in modern times through The Piano Lesson and would find a solution to that in the race’s traces. The drama develops the process in which a brother and a sister, who represent the young black generation, and disagree on the disposal of the piano symbolizing the history of their family through dramatic situations. This study would present Carl Gustav Jung’s concept of the ‘collective unconscious’ and the main ‘archetypes’ constituting it for a detailed discussion of the work. The collective conscious handed down genetically, keeping the race’s universal characteristics and the piano preserved through three generations, symbolizing the tragic history of the black, help an understanding of the theme of the work, being functionally equivalent. Moreover, Jung’s theory provides a chance to expand the cause of the conflict between the main characters as an outcome of the confrontation of individuals’ internal/external personalities, instead of looking at it as a difference in their views of history. In addition, the transcendental affect of the collective conscious provides experiential evidence and validity at the end of the work that overcomes the crisis in supernatural ways.