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영어

There is little justification, therefore, for linking Shelley's anti-Malthusianism with his famous critique of political economy in the Defence of Poetry(Which was composed in 1821). This is a particularly important point, since the rhetoric of Shelley's Defence has done more, perhaps, than any other text of the period to establish the idea of a fundamental antithesis between the 'Romantic' aesthetic sensibility and economic science. The Defence's central attack upon political economy is, for this reason, worth quoting at some length: We have more moral, political and historical wisdom than we know how to reduce into practise; we have more scientific and economical knowledge than can be accommodated to the just distribution of the produce which it multiplies. The poetry in these systems of thought, is concealed by the accumulation of facts and calculating precesses... The cultivation of those sciences which have enlarged the limits of the empire of man over the external world, has for want of the poetical faculty, proportionally circumscribed those of the internal world; and man, having enslaved the elements, remains himself a slave. To what but a cultivation of the mechanical arts in a degree disproportioned to the presence of the creative faculty, which is the basis of all knowledge, is to be attributed he abuse of all invention for abridging and combining labour to the exasperation of the inquality of mankind? From what other cause has it arisen that these discoveries which should have lightened, have added a weight to the curse imposed on Adam? Thus Poetry, and the principle of self, of which money is the visible incarnation, are the God and Mammon of the world. It is well known that Shelley composed the Defence of Poetry in a 'sacred rage' against Thomas Love Peacock's sophisticated, semi-ironic defence of utilitarian values in The Four Ages of Poetry. Although Peacock was a good friend of Shelley, he also enjoyed close links with the philosophic radicals: he dined regularly whit Bentham, and was employed by the East India Company under James Mill.

한국어

영국 낭만주의 시대 시인인 P. B. Shelley는 시인으로서의 평가를 받을 때 양극화 현상을 보인다. 1840년대까지 영국문단에서 무시되다가 1850~1890년대에서 인기를 얻은 만큼 셸리 학회도 설립됐다. 그의 자유분방한 정치적 종교적 입장 표명을 비 난한 지식인들이 있는가 하면 호감과 존경을 가진 이들도 있었다. 부도덕, 불경의 괴물적인 시인이라고 혹평하는 반면에, 천사, 순수하고 비현실적인 영혼을 가진 시 인이라고 칭송하는 이들도 있었다. 셸리는 일찍 요절한(30세) 시인이지만 수 십편 의 장편시와 극시, 상상력을 최고도로 발휘한 당대사회를 고발한 시들을 발표했다. 항상 사회에 대한 제도의 편견을 타파하려고 노력하고 시에 묘사한 점이 의협적인 시인이라고 볼 수 있다.