earticle

영어

Yukichi Fukuzawa is widely known because he is understood as the “famous educator” and “the builder of the modern Japanese civilization”. In his extensive writings, the main part is a remark dealing with current affairs. Therefore, in this paper, I consider the political situation at that time, and his attitude and interest in which focusing on Datsu-a Ron. Datsu-a Ron refers to the editorial published by Yukichi Fukuzawa on March 16, 1885 in the daily newspaper Jiji shinpo. Centered on this editorial, the background of the Meiji Restoration at that time is clear, and Japan is defined as an absolute state after the Meiji Restoration. Since Meiji, it is not necessary to say that Japan’s basic political, economic and diplomatic posture was a one-sided depart from Asia to Europe. It was in 1885 that Fukuzawa announced that he would grasp the basic posture of the Japanese with the exact word ‘Datsu-a’(leaving Asia) and decide the direction to follow. In a sense, he may be the decision-maker of the national policy strategy in the Meiji period. Moreover, based on a series of Asian theories published around 1885 in the Jiji shinpo editorial, the five consistent opinions of Yukichi Fukuzawa were clarified.They are “leaving Asia”, “the fall of the Qing Dynasty”, “denial of dependence simultaneously” “danger triggered by the backwardness of neighboring countries” and “dividing Asia”. Under this recognition of Asia, Yukichi Fukuzawa led the way to war and struggled to fight and win.

일본어

福沢諭吉は｢有名な思想家･教育家｣｢日本近代文明の建造者｣等等と理解されている。彼の厖大な著作の中、主要部分は、時事問題を扱っての発言である。したがって、本論文では、󰡔脱亜論󰡕を中心にその当時の政治状況･思想状況、それに対する彼の姿勢と関心の所在について考察してみたい。󰡔脱亜論󰡕は、日刊紙｢時事新報｣紙上に明治十八年(1885年)三月十六日に福沢諭吉が発表した社説である。この社説を中心に、当時明治維新という時代背景を明白にし、講座派の論説に沿って革命の後の日本は絶対主義国家とされる。福沢諭吉は明治政府の民間にいる代弁者として、｢脱亜｣を唱えた。また時事新報社説における1885年前後発表された一連のアジア論に基づき、福沢諭吉のアジア認識において、一貫する５つの主張を明らかにする。“脱亜論”･それから“清国亡国論”･日、中、朝間の“輔車唇歯否定論”･“隣国に蔽われる危憂論”･“割亜論”が存在しているように思う。対外強硬の代表として福沢諭吉は戦争への道を先導し、戦争の遂行と勝利のために奮闘努力した。