earticle

영어

This study analyzes on the Bulgwawonoseonsapyeongckang-Seoldusonggo-Byeogamrok(佛果圓悟禪師評唱雪竇頌古碧巖錄) Collected by Goheung Museum. The major findings are as follows: (1) The Byeogamrok is a book containing lessons and teachings of the Zen Buddhism. It is based on Seoldujunghyeon’s Seoldusonggo, to which disciples of Bulgwageukgeun added edifications(釣語), commentaries(着語), and criticisms(評唱) of their teacher. It consists of five elements: ① an introduction (垂示) by Bulgwageukgeun; ② original koans(本則) of Seoldujunghyeon; ③ Bulgwageukgeun’s commentaries to Seoldujunghyeon’s koans(本則評唱) ④ poems by Seoldujunghyeon(頌); and ⑤ Bulgwageukgeun’s commentaries to Seoldujunghyeon’s poems(頌評唱). (2) The writing of the Byeogamrok was completed no later than the seventh year of Xuanhe(宣和, 1125), and the first edition was published in the second year of JInyan(建炎, 1128). However, around the 10th year of Shaoxing(紹興, 1140), Daehyeseonsa burned all handwritten copies, woodblock-printed copies, and woodblocks of the Byeogamrok for fear that the book might lead his disciples astray. For this reason, none of the first edition copies survive to this day. (3) The Byeogamrok was republished by Jangmyeongwon, who based his edition on the Seoldang edition and the edition published in the Shu region. The republication work began in or around the 4th year of Dade(大德, 1300), and ended in or around the fourth year of Yanyu(延祐, 1317). The numbering of the original koans used in Jangmyeongwon’s edition is still followed today. (4) The Bulgwawonoseonsapyeongckang-Seoldusonggo-Byeogamrok edition housed at the Goheung Museum is an incomplete version which solely consists of the second volume containing 23 koans. The Goheung Museum edition is different from Jangmyeongwon’s republished edition in several respects, including the numbering of the koans, its content, the words used, the omission of some sentences and postpositions, and substitution of certain letters in the names of revered figures. (5) At this point, it cannot be ascertained whether the edition housed at the Goheung Museum is one of the first edition copies that were thought to have been lost. However, given the fact that the edition predates Jangmyeongwon’s republished edition, the Goheung Museum edition is a Zen Buddhism literature that hold an immense value for research of the original Byeogamrok. Also, as a cultural property, it is the world’s oldest the Byeogamrok to date.

한국어

본 연구는 ｢碧巖錄｣의 編纂․初刊․焚毁․重刊․流通 및 새로 발견된 古興藏本 ｢佛果圓悟禪師評唱雪竇頌古碧巖錄｣의 版本 등에 관하여 고찰한 것으로 그 結果는 다음과 같다. (1) ｢碧巖錄｣은 佛果克勤 선사의 문도들이 雪竇重顯 선사의 ｢雪竇頌古｣를 저본으로 佛果禪師가 添述한 釣語(垂示)와 短評(着語) 및 詳評(評唱) 등의 내용 등을 부가하여 편찬한 禪家의 敎訓書이자 禪法書이며, 그 구조는 대체로 ① 佛果禪師의 垂示, ② 雪竇禪師의 本則, ③ 佛果禪師의 本則評唱, ④ 雪竇禪師의 頌, ⑤ 佛果禪師의 頌評唱 등으로 구성되어 있다. (2) ｢碧巖錄｣은 늦어도 北宋朝 宣和 7년(1125) 무렵에 편찬이 완료되고 南宋朝 建炎 2년(1128)에 初刊되었으나, 紹興 10년(1140)을 전후로 문도와 학인들의 迷惑을 염려한 大慧禪師에 의하여 일체의 寫本․版本․木版 등이 焚毁되어 현재 전해지는 初刊本은 全無하다. (3) ｢碧巖錄｣의 重刊은 張明遠이 雪堂刊本과 蜀[寫]本을 저본으로 大德 4년(1300) 무렵에 重刊에 착수하여 延祐 4년(1317) 무렵에 완성된 것이며, 張明遠 重刊本에서 시작된 則次番號는 오늘날까지 답습되고 있다. (4) 古興藏本 ｢佛果圓悟禪師評唱雪竇頌古碧巖錄｣은 도합 23칙이 수록된 제2권만 잔존하는 ‘零本’으로 張明遠 重刊本과 則次番號, 수록내용, 서술용어, 文章의 刪略, 語順의 변동, 虛詞와 語氣詞의 생략, 避諱 등에서 차이를 보이고 있어 初期의 刊本임이 확실하다. (5) 古興藏本 ｢佛果圓悟禪師評唱雪竇頌古碧巖錄｣은 현전하지 않는 初刊의 雪堂刊本인지 坊刻本 중의 하나인지는 확언할 수 없으나 張明遠 重刊本보다 간행시기가 앞서는 刊本임은 틀림이 없으며, ｢碧巖錄｣의 원본연구에 절대적인 가치를 지닌 禪宗文獻임과 아울러 現存 世界最古의 ｢碧巖錄｣으로 평가될 수 있는 文化財이다.