earticle

영어

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of job stress and role stress on the burnout of seminary students through quantitative research, and to clarify the correlation between two independent variables. In addition, the results of this study were reviewed and discussed from the viewpoint of pastoral counseling in order to find out the meaning of seminary student’s burnout, and to suggest personal psychological alternatives and systematic alternatives for prevention and treatment of seminary student’s burnout. The results of the analysis on the relationship between job stress, role stress, and burnout were as follows. First, job stress had a significantly positive effect on burnout (r=.552, p<.001). In addition, job stress and sub-factors of burnout such as emotional exhaustion (r=.580, p<.001), impersonalization (r=.415, p<.001), and lack of individual sense of achievement (r=.196, p<.001) showed significantly positive relationship. Role stress had a statistically significant positive effect on burnout (r=.401, p<.001). In addition, significantly positive relationship was found between role stress and sub-factors of burnout such as emotional exhaustion (r=.299, p<.001), impersonalization (r=.308, p<.001) and lack of individual sense of achievement (r=.336, p<.001). As the results of an analysis of the correlation between job stress and role stress, job stress was significantly positively correlated with role stress (r=.420, p<.001). But there was no statistically significant correlation between job stress and ambiguity of calling (r=-.029, p>.05), which was sub-factor of role stress. And as the results of this study, the mean score of seminary student’s job stress was 2.44 out of 4, and the mean score of seminary student’s role stress was 2.10 out of 4, and the mean score of seminary student’s burnout was 2.65 out of 5. It was analyzed that the research participants experienced a lot of job stress, role stress, and burnout, but were not serious. Based on the results of quantitative research, the analysis results and alternatives on the burnout factors of seminary students in terms of pastoral counseling were as follows. First of all, seminary students seemed to be losing their entire rest and comfort due to the heavy workload, performance burden, and competition burden. Second, as seminary students moved up to the upper grades, they experienced a decline in their sense of belonging and peer consciousness due to the increase of anxiety about employment and economic unrest. Also they experienced emotional exhaustion, cynical attitude, and limitations of communication due to the increase of personal role conflict in the church, school and home. Finally, this study was analyzed that the reasons why seminary student’s control of the job had a positive effect on stress and burnout were lack of subjectivity and activity of seminary students due to personal psychological factors and systematic factors.

한국어

본 연구는 신대원생의 탈진에 직무 및 역할스트레스가 미치는 영향 을 검증하고, 두 독립변수 사이에 유의미한 상관관계가 있는지 여부 를 규명하고자 했다. 또한 이 같은 연구결과를 목회상담적 관점에서 논의하면서 신대원생 탈진의 예방과 회복을 위한 대안들을 제시하고 자 했다. 직무 및 역할스트레스와 탈진 간의 관계에 대한 분석결과는 다음과 같다. 우선 직무스트레스는 탈진(r=.552, p<.001)에 통계적으로 유의미 한 정(+)적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 탈진의 하위차원인 정서적 고갈(r=.580, p<.001), 비인격화(r=.415, p<.001), 개인적 성취 감 결여(r=.196, p<.001)와도 유의미한 정적 관계를 나타내었다. 역할 스트레스는 탈진(r=.401, p<.001)에 통계적으로 유의미한 정적인 영향 을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 탈진의 하위 차원인 정서적 고갈 (r=.299, p<.001), 비인격화(r=.308, p<.001), 개인적 성취감 결여 (r=.336, p<.001)와도 유의미한 정적 관계를 나타내었다. 직무 및 역할 스트레스 간의 상관관계에 대한 분석결과, 직무스트레스와 역할스트레스(r=.420, p<.001) 간에는 통계적으로 유의미한 정적 상관관계를 보였 다. 그러나 직무스트레스와 역할스트레스의 하위차원인 소명 모호성 (r=-.029, p>.05)과는 통계적으로 유의미한 상관관계를 보이지 않았 다. 또한 신대원생의 직무스트레스는 4점 만점 중 평균 2.44였으며, 역 할스트레스는 4점 만점 중 2.10, 탈진은 5점 만점 중 2.65로, 연구대상 자들이 적지 않은 직무스트레스와 역할스트레스, 그리고 탈진을 경험 하고 있으나 심각한 수준은 아닌 것으로 분석되었다. 연구결과에 대한 목회상담학적 함의로, 신대원생 탈진의 요인을 3가 지 차원에서 다루었다. 우선 신대원생의 탈진은 전인적인 안식의 결여 로 인한 문제라고 보았다. 또한 신대원 과정이 신대원생에게 안전기지, 곧 품어주는 환경을 제공해 주지 못하고 있다고 보았다. 끝으로 신대원 생의 주체성, 능동성, 주도성의 결여가 탈진의 주된 요인이 되고 있다 고 보았다. 이 같은 함의들에 따라 개인적, 시스템적 차원에서 탈진의 예방과 회복을 위한 대안을 제시했다.