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Objectives: The purpose of this study was to analyze the recent research trends in health and mental health literacy and suggest their implications for future research. Methods: Ninety six articles on the topics of health literacy and mental health literacy that were published in journals in Korea during the last 10 years analyzed. Results: The majority of articles were published in medical journals, whereas the articles published in social and natural sciences journals were conducted by multidisciplinary research teams and seemed to be increasing generally. The participants studied in the selected articles were mostly older adults followed by adults aged 18 and over, and other various groups including health professionals and immigrant groups. More than 97% of the articles used quantitative research methods. Conclusions: Health literacy mirrors other health inequalities. To increase the level of understanding of health information, studies should be conducted using various variables. It is also necessary to develop a community education program that can be implemented in the community. Futher, the results highlighted the importance of interdisciplinary research. It is hoped that this effort will help solve t health inequality.