earticle

영어

prefecture administrative levels in our country has been widely and objectively exist, but none of it was lost in the current constitution in our country the existence of the local administrative divisions according to the plight of Chinese past dynasties practice has gradually produced is equal to the current district cities such administrative levels, such as the state of the house of the Ming and qing dynasties set up in our country is defined at the beginning of the founding of the local administrative division for the province (autonomous region, municipality directly under the central government), county (autonomous county) township (town) level 3, level the administrative hierarchy does not exist, but places the title has been widely used since the eighty s, put into practice in many places cities combined to change the measures of city, district cities between the provincial and county administrative region between the administrative hierarchy has formed over the years, our country academic circles and practice the concept of administrative type of historical evolution, legal status, and many other related problems extensively studied advocated to establish and cancel the prefecture level administrative levels of debate, particularly in made county and other relevant performance especially in the process of reform, the legal status in a city with districts in recent years gradually clear, the discussion of prefecture level is debated, investigate its fundamental is the legal status of administrative problems, it is necessary to establish and perfect the constitutional position of the prefecture level Prefecture administrative level of our country is in the historical process of reform and opening up, conform to the needs of the development of gradually replacing district level and the emergence of the prefecture level has the historical inevitability and repeat ability, is in line with the local administrative levels in our country tertiary system administrative levels at the beginning of the formation of historical tradition prefecture played a positive role by increased administrative levels, to ensure the country's economic indicators and the political instruction was maintained and execution, at the same time, to a certain extent has also formed the center city as the core of economic radiation ability, which stimulates the development of the region economy, promoting the political stability, but also many disadvantages in the prefecture level, to improve the secondary system of local administrative levels around the world experience and the development of the era of information technology, for the perfection of the system of local administrative levels in our country provides direction on the one hand, our country should be practical and realistic to establish the status of prefectural administrative levels in the constitution, on the other hand should increase the number of provinces and municipality directly under the jurisdiction of the county autonomous counties and county-level cities, and gradually turn local administrative hierarchy system by the three-level system for secondary or tertiary system.

중국어

地级市行政层级在我国已经广泛而客观地存在着，但是它却陷入了在我国现行宪法中没有存在依据的困境. 中国历代的地方行政区划实践中就已逐渐产生了相当于目前地级市这样的行政层级，如明清时期的“府”、“州”的设置. 我国建国之初就明确规定地方行政区域划分为省（自治区、直辖市）、县（自治县）、乡（镇、民族乡）三级，地级市这个行政层级并不存在，但地级市这个称谓一直被广泛使用. 自上个世纪八十年代开始，不少地方开始实行“地市合并”、“地改市”的措施，“地级市”这个介于省级和县级行政区域之间的行政层级由此形成. 多年以来，我国学术界与实务界对地级市的概念、类型、历史演进，法律地位等诸多相关问题进行了广泛的研究. 主张确立与取消地级市行政层级的争论一直存在，特别在“省直管县”等相关改革过程中表现尤甚，近年来随着“设区的市”法律地位的逐步明确，关于地级市的讨论更是众说纷纭，究其根本就是地级市的法律地位问题，确立与完善地级市的宪法地位十分必要. 我国的地级市行政层级是在改革开放的历史进程中，顺应发展的需要而逐步取代地区层级形成的. 地级市层级的出现具有历史的必然性和重复性，是符合我国地方行政层级三级制历史传统的. 地级市行政层级在形成之初曾起到积极的作用. 它通过加大行政层级，确保了国家经济指标与政治指令的顺利下达和执行，同时，也在一定程度上形成了以中心城市为核心的经济辐射能力，带动了周边地区经济的发展，促进了政治稳定. 但是，地级市层级也在着诸多弊端，需要进行改进. 世界各国的二级制地方行政层级的经验和信息化、科技化时代的发展，为我国地方行政层级体制的完善提供了方向. 我国一方面应当实事求是地确立地级市行政层级在宪法中的地位，另一方面应当增加省、自治区直接管辖县、自治县和县级市的数量，逐步将地方行政层级体制由三级制转变为二级制或虚三级制.