원문정보
초록
영어
Sarcopenia is an age-associated decline of skeletal muscle mass and function and is known to lead to frailty, cachexia, osteoporosis, meta-bolic syndromes, and death. Notwithstanding the increasing incidence of sarcopenia, the molecular and cellular mechanisms driving age-re-lated sarcopenia are not completely understood. This article reviews current definitions of sarcopenia, its potential mechanisms, and effects of exercise on sarcopenia. The pathogenesis of age-related sarcopenia is multifactorial and includes myostatin, inflammatory cytokines, and mitochondria-derived problems. Especially, age-induced mitochondrial dysfunction triggers the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by mitochondria, impedes mitochondrial dynamics, interrupts mitophagy, and leads to mitochondria-mediated apoptosis. Aerobic exercise pro-vides at least a partial solution to sarcopenia as it ameliorates mito-chondria-derived problems, and resistance exercise strengthens mus-cle mass and function. Furthermore, combinations of these exercise types provide the benefits of both. Collectively, this review summarizes potential mechanisms of age-related sarcopenia and emphasizes the use of exercise as a therapeutic strategy, suggesting that combined ex-ercise provide
목차
INTRODUCTION
POTENTIAL MECHANISMS OFAGE-RELATED SARCOPENIA
Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species & mitochondrial dysfunction
Mitochondrial apoptosis
Mitochondrial dynamics
Mitochondrial autophagy
Myostatin
Inflammatory cytokines
EFFECTS OF EXERCISE ON SARCOPENIA
Aerobic exercise and sarcopenia
Resistance exercise and sarcopenia
Combined exercise and sarcopenia
CONCLUSIONS
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
REFERENCES