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What does “Bushidō” mean? We have not answered this question although the term is famous; because Bushidō has two meanings in the Tokugawa period. Bushidō argument in the Tokugawa period introduced two terms. One is “Shidō”, which utilizes concepts of Confucian virtue to bureaucratize warriors. The other is known as “Bushidō”, and embodies the spirit of the then recent turbulent age. Yamaga Sokō has been placed as a model of Shidō, but this is a premature conclusion. Sokō’s Shidō argument consists of the core lessons of Shidō and the specific, more practical lessons of Shidan. The lessons should be understood not only in terms of Confucianism but also within the framework of warrior education. We can comprehend Sokō’s notion of warrior government by considering both the Shidō and Shidan sections.